Chapter 16: Blood

Question 1

What makes up the fluid matrix of blood

Answer 1

Water, Proteins, Remaining molecules (ions,organic molecules and so on)

Question 2

What proteins make up the blood, and what are their functions

Answer 2

Albumins- Major contributors to plasma, carriers for various substances.
Globulins-Clotting factors, enzymes, antibodies, carriers for various substances
Fibrinogen- Forms fibrin threads essential to blood clotting
Transferrin: iron transport.

Question 3

Is the osmotic pressure of blood higher or lower than interstitial fluid? Why?

Answer 3

It is higher because of the presence of proteins in the plasma.

Question 4

Where do platelets originate from

Answer 4

They are cell fragments that have split off megakaryocytes

Question 5

What cells are called phagocytes and what do they do

Answer 5

neutrophils, monocytes, and macrophages. They can engulf and ingest foreign particles such as bacteria.

Question 6

What cells are called granulocytes and what do they do

Answer 6

Basophils, eosinophils, and neutrophils. Because they contain cytoplasmic inclusions that give them a granular appearance.

Question 7

Where do all blood cells come from?

Answer 7

Pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells, are found primarily in the bone marrow.

Question 8

What are the first three stages of blood cell production

Answer 8

First, they are pluripotent hematopoietic stem cells, they become uncommitted stem cells, and then progenitor cells that then start to specialize into being RBC,WBC, and megakaryocytes