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PHT 106 > Chapter 16: Anatomy, Physiology, and Disorders of the Endocrine System > Flashcards

Chapter 16: Anatomy, Physiology, and Disorders of the Endocrine System Flashcards

1
Q

Secreted when blood glucose levels rise

A

Insulin

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2
Q

Stimulates milk production

A

prolactin

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3
Q

released when blood glucose levels fall

A

Glucagon

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4
Q

natural chemical substances

A

hormones

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5
Q

which disease is caused by hyper secretion of growth hormone during adulthood

A

acromegaly

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6
Q

which disease causes an enlargement of the thyroid

A

Goiter

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7
Q

which of these is a condition of over activity of the thyroid gland

A

Hyperthyroidism

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8
Q

Which of these is a congenital and chronic condition due to the lack of thyroid hormone?

A

cretinism

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9
Q

which of these is characterized by hypofunction of the thyroid gland?

A

Myxedema

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10
Q

Which of these is caused by a decreased production of thyroxine?

A

Hypothyroidism

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11
Q

partial or total failure of adrenocortical function

A

addison’s disease

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12
Q

acromegaly

A

gigantism

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13
Q

deficiency of pituitary hormones

A

hypopituitarism

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14
Q

deficiency of vasopressin

A

diabetes insipidus

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15
Q

methimazole

A

tapazole

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16
Q

levothyroxine sodium

A

levothroid

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17
Q

insulin glargine

A

lantus

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18
Q

insulin regular

A

humulin

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19
Q

a hormone that can lower blood levels of calcium is

A

calcitonin

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20
Q

The exocrine portion of the pancreas produces

A

enzymes

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21
Q

Thyroid hormone contains the mineral

A

iodine

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22
Q

Neuroblastoma is a cancer of the

A

adrenal medulla

23
Q

Treatment in early stages of simple goiter is

A

potassium iodide

24
Q

Cushing’s disease manifests itself due to an overproduction of

A

glucocorticoids

25
Q

the C cells of the thyroid gland produce

A

calcitonin

26
Q

a hormone that regulates the sodium ion concentration of the blood is

A

aldosterone

27
Q

inability of the pancreas to produce insulin results in

A

diabetes mellitus

28
Q

the pancreatic hormone that causes blood sugar levels to decrease is

A

insulin

29
Q

the alpha cells of the pancreas produce

A

glucagon

30
Q

hashimoto’s disease is the leading cause of

A

non-simple goiter

31
Q

all of the following are risk factors for gestational diabetes, except

A

smoking during pregnancy

32
Q

Goiter may result from too much

A

TSH

33
Q

The “master gland” is a term that refers to the

A

pituitary gland

34
Q

Pheochromocytoma is a tumor of the adrenal medulla that causes hypersecretion of the catecholamines. All of the following are its signs and symptoms, except

A

constricted pupils

35
Q

The adrenal medulla produces

A

catecholamine

36
Q

oral hypoglycemic medications include all of the following, except

A

insulin

37
Q

Hyposecretion of cortisol can cause

A

addison’s disease

38
Q

the hormone that is the antagonist of calcitonin is

A

parathyroid hormone

39
Q

Which of the following is not a symptom of type I diabetes mellitus

A

decreased appetite

40
Q

Excess secretion of growth hormone prior to puberty can cause

A

gigantism

41
Q

Exophthalmos is one of the distinguishing manifestations of

A

hyperthroidism

42
Q

the pituitary hormone that stimulates milk production by the mammary glands is

A

prolactin

43
Q

the hormone that plays an important role in the maintenance of body temperature is

A

thyroxine

44
Q

a buffalo hump is a manifestation of

A

cushing’s syndrome

45
Q

the hypothalamus controls secretions of the anterior pituitary by way of

A

releasing and inhibiting hormones

46
Q

The pituitary hormone that promotes ovarian secretion of progesterone and testicular secretion of testosterone is

A

LH

47
Q

Myxedema is due to impairment of the

A

thyroid gland

48
Q

Dwarfism may be linked to

A

mental retardation

49
Q

Neural pathways of the hypothalamus manufacture

A

ADH

50
Q

Melatonin is produced by the

A

pineal gland

51
Q

the hormone that is important for maintenance of the immune system is

A

thymosin

52
Q

Diabetes insipidus is caused by decreased levels of which of the following hormones

A

ADH

53
Q

The pituitary hormone that stimulates cell growth is

A

somatotropin

PHT 106 (4 decks)

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