Chapter 16: Anatomy of the Heart

Question 1

Pericardium

Answer 1

Sling-like structure that supports the heart.

The epicardium is part of this structure.

Question 2

Coronary Arteries

Answer 2

Delivers oxygenated blood to the myocardium.

Also called the “window maker”

Question 3

Endocardium

Answer 3

Smooth, shiny, innermost lining of the heart.

Question 4

Right Atrium

Answer 4

Chamber that receives unoxygenated blood from the venae cavae.

Question 5

Right Ventricle

Answer 5

Chamber that pumps unoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery.

Question 6

Great Vessels

Answer 6

Term that includes the venae cavae, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins and aorta.

Question 7

Ventricles

Answer 7

Primary pumping chambers of the heart.

Question 8

Left Atrium

Answer 8

Chamber that receives oxygenated blood from lungs through four pulmonary veins.

Question 9

Epicardium

Answer 9

Outermost layer of the heart.

Question 10

Left Ventricle

Answer 10

Chamber that pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation.

The myocardium is the thickest in this chamber.

Hardest working chamber.

Question 11

Myocardial Infarction

Answer 11

Death of the heart muscle caused by occlussion of a coronary artery.

Question 12

Atria

Answer 12

Receiving chambers of the heart.

Question 13

Coronary Veins

Answer 13

Drains unoxygenated blood from the myocardium.

Question 14

Angina Pectoris

Answer 14

Chest pain usually caused by impaired flow of blood through the coronary arteries.

Question 15

Precordium

Answer 15

Area on the anterior chest that overlies the heart and great vessels.

Question 16

Myocardium

Answer 16

Layer of the heart that contains the contractile proteins, actin and mysoin.

Question 17

Base

Answer 17

Upper flat portion of the heart that is located at the level of the second rib.

Question 18

Pericardial Cavity

Answer 18

Collection of fluid or blood in this space causes an external compression of the heart called (cardiac tamponade)

Question 19

Cardiology

Answer 19

The study of the heart.

Question 20

Pulmonic Valve

Answer 20

Semilunar valve through which blood leaves the right ventricle.

Valve that prevents the backflow of blood from the pulmonary artery.

Exit valve that sees only unoxygenated blood.

Question 21

Tricuspid Valve

Answer 21

Atrioventricular valve on the right side of the heart.

Entrance valve that sees only unoxygenated blood.

Question 22

Bicuspid Valve

Answer 22

Called the Mitral valve.

Entrance valve that sees only oxygenated blood.

Valve that prevents the backflow of blood from the left ventricle.

Atrioventricular valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

Question 23

Incompetent Valve

Answer 23

Leaky valve that allows the backflow of blood.

Question 24

S1

Answer 24

The first heart sound (lubb)

Heart sound created by the closure of the AV valves to the ventricular walls.

Heart sound created by the closure of the semilunar valves at the beginning of ventricular relaxation.

Question 25

Aortic Valve

Answer 25

Exit valve that only sees oxygenated blood. Valve that prevents the backflow of blood into the left ventricle. Semilunar valve through which blood leaves the left ventricle.

Question 26

Chordae Tendineae

Answer 26

Tough bands that attach the AV valves to the ventricular walls.

Question 27

Gallop Rhythm

Answer 27

Extra heart sounds (S3,S4) that sound like a racing horse.

Question 28

MUR MUR

Answer 28

Abnormal heart sounds caused by valvular disease.

Question 29

SA Node

Answer 29

Pacemaker Place where the electrical signal normally arises.

Question 30

Bundle of HIS

Answer 30

Specialized conduction tissue in the interventricular septum. Divided into the right and left branches.

Question 31

Bradycardia

Answer 31

Heart rate below 60 beats per minute

Question 32

AV Node

Answer 32

The electrical signal spreads from the conduction tissue in the atria to this structure.

Question 33

Purkinje Fibers

Answer 33

These fast-conducting fibers spread the electrical signal throughout the ventricular wall.

Question 34

ELECTROCARDIOGRAM

Answer 34

Record of the electrical activity of the heart (a heart chart).

Question 35

Tachycardia

Answer 35

Heart rate greater then 100 beats per minute.

Question 36

P- WAVE

Answer 36

ECG deflection that indicates atrial depolarization. Electrical event that stimulates atrial contraction

Question 37

QRS COMPLEX

Answer 37

ECG deflection that indicates ventricular depolarization. Electrical event that stimulates ventricular myocardial contraction.