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Cardiovascular System > Chapter 16: Anatomy of the Heart > Flashcards

Chapter 16: Anatomy of the Heart Flashcards

1
Q

Pericardium

A

Sling-like structure that supports the heart.

The epicardium is part of this structure.

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2
Q

Coronary Arteries

A

Delivers oxygenated blood to the myocardium.

Also called the “window maker”

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3
Q

Endocardium

A

Smooth, shiny, innermost lining of the heart.

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4
Q

Right Atrium

A

Chamber that receives unoxygenated blood from the venae cavae.

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5
Q

Right Ventricle

A

Chamber that pumps unoxygenated blood to the lungs through the pulmonary artery.

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6
Q

Great Vessels

A

Term that includes the venae cavae, pulmonary artery, pulmonary veins and aorta.

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7
Q

Ventricles

A

Primary pumping chambers of the heart.

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8
Q

Left Atrium

A

Chamber that receives oxygenated blood from lungs through four pulmonary veins.

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9
Q

Epicardium

A

Outermost layer of the heart.

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10
Q

Left Ventricle

A

Chamber that pumps oxygenated blood into the systemic circulation.

The myocardium is the thickest in this chamber.

Hardest working chamber.

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11
Q

Myocardial Infarction

A

Death of the heart muscle caused by occlussion of a coronary artery.

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12
Q

Atria

A

Receiving chambers of the heart.

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13
Q

Coronary Veins

A

Drains unoxygenated blood from the myocardium.

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14
Q

Angina Pectoris

A

Chest pain usually caused by impaired flow of blood through the coronary arteries.

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15
Q

Precordium

A

Area on the anterior chest that overlies the heart and great vessels.

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16
Q

Myocardium

A

Layer of the heart that contains the contractile proteins, actin and mysoin.

17
Q

Base

A

Upper flat portion of the heart that is located at the level of the second rib.

18
Q

Pericardial Cavity

A

Collection of fluid or blood in this space causes an external compression of the heart called (cardiac tamponade)

19
Q

Cardiology

A

The study of the heart.

20
Q

Pulmonic Valve

A

Semilunar valve through which blood leaves the right ventricle.

Valve that prevents the backflow of blood from the pulmonary artery.

Exit valve that sees only unoxygenated blood.

21
Q

Tricuspid Valve

A

Atrioventricular valve on the right side of the heart.

Entrance valve that sees only unoxygenated blood.

22
Q

Bicuspid Valve

A

Called the Mitral valve.

Entrance valve that sees only oxygenated blood.

Valve that prevents the backflow of blood from the left ventricle.

Atrioventricular valve between the left atrium and the left ventricle.

23
Q

Incompetent Valve

A

Leaky valve that allows the backflow of blood.

24
Q

S1

A

The first heart sound (lubb)

Heart sound created by the closure of the AV valves to the ventricular walls.

Heart sound created by the closure of the semilunar valves at the beginning of ventricular relaxation.

25
Q

Aortic Valve

A

Exit valve that only sees oxygenated blood.

Valve that prevents the backflow of blood into the left ventricle.

Semilunar valve through which blood leaves the left ventricle.

26
Q

Chordae Tendineae

A

Tough bands that attach the AV valves to the ventricular walls.

27
Q

Gallop Rhythm

A

Extra heart sounds (S3,S4) that sound like a racing horse.

28
Q

MUR MUR

A

Abnormal heart sounds caused by valvular disease.

29
Q

SA Node

A

Pacemaker

Place where the electrical signal normally arises.

30
Q

Bundle of HIS

A

Specialized conduction tissue in the interventricular septum.

Divided into the right and left branches.

31
Q

Bradycardia

A

Heart rate below 60 beats per minute

32
Q

AV Node

A

The electrical signal spreads from the conduction tissue in the atria to this structure.

33
Q

Purkinje Fibers

A

These fast-conducting fibers spread the electrical signal throughout the ventricular wall.

34
Q

ELECTROCARDIOGRAM

A

Record of the electrical activity of the heart (a heart chart).

35
Q

Tachycardia

A

Heart rate greater then 100 beats per minute.

36
Q

P- WAVE

A

ECG deflection that indicates atrial depolarization.

Electrical event that stimulates atrial contraction

37
Q

QRS COMPLEX

A

ECG deflection that indicates ventricular depolarization.

Electrical event that stimulates ventricular myocardial contraction.

Cardiovascular System (5 decks)

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