Chapter 16-age Of Absolutism

Question 0

Europeans fought to maintain this. Nations will fight to prevent one nation from becoming too powerful and dominating the region

Answer 0

Balance of power

Question 1

Absolute monarchs claim this. The authority came directly from god.

Answer 1

Divine right

Question 2

Ferdinand and Isabella’s grandson. Member of Hapsburg family. Lots of fighting during his reign. King to Hapsburg empire and changed his name to this which is what he goes by.

Answer 2

Charles V

Question 3

Included Holy Roman Empire and Netherlands. Charles V ruled this and split it up giving Central Europe to his brother Ferdinand and his son Philip II got Netherlands, Spain, Italian states and overseas empires.

Answer 3

Hapsburg empire

Question 4

Fighting breaks out in Holy Roman Empire and settled in this peace treaty. It allows German princes to choose their own religion with their lands.

Answer 4

Peace of Augsburg

Question 5

He was catholic. Had 42 year reign, expanded Spanish influence, strengthened Catholic Church, made his own absolute power. Enemy was Elizabeth I

Answer 5

Philip II

Question 6

Is not well respected at the beginning of her reign of England. “Married to England” (Virgin queen)

Answer 6

Elizabeth I

Question 7

Name the English gave this wind. It made Spanish drop anchor and England won.

Answer 7

Protestant wind

Question 8

Ruler with complete authority over government and lives of the people

Answer 8

Absolute monarchy

Question 9

Fleet of soldiers. Spanish fleet not the reason of English decline

Answer 9

Armada

Question 10

Famous painter “the Greek” not Spanish by birth. Produced haunting religious paintings and portraits of nobles.

Answer 10

El Greco

Question 11

Wrote don Quixote which makes fun of chivalry.

Answer 11

Miguel de Cervantes

Question 12

French Protestants

Answer 12

Huguenots

Question 13

On this day catholic royals led massacre killing 3,000 Huguenots.

Answer 13

St. Bartholomews day

Question 14

To protect Protestants he issued this granting Huguenots religious toleration and other freedoms.

Answer 14

Edict of Nantes

Question 15

Huguenot prince who inherited French throne. Fought Catholics then converted to it but protected Protestants with edict of Nantes.

Answer 15

Henry IV

Question 16

Nobles, merchants, peasants, rebelled to protest royal power. Made Louis XIV realize he needed order.

Answer 16

Fronde

Question 17

Louis XIII appointed him to throne as chief minister and was all about order and control. Sought to destroy nobles and Huguenots because he thought they were threats to his power. Took away there armies. Patronage-giving out jobs so they couldn’t take his power.

Answer 17

Cardinal Richelieu

Question 18

5 years when he inherited throne. Got kicked out. Then came back. Named sun king he thought everything revolved around him. Fond of fighting wars

Answer 18

Louis XIV

Question 19

Louis XIV never called this group to check his power. Made up of 3 groups: clergy, nobles, and everyone else

Answer 19

Estates general

Question 20

Royal officials who collected taxes

Answer 20

Intendants

Question 21

Louis XIV minister imposed mercantilist ideas to bolster economy. Couldn’t produce enough money even when he put tariffs on imported goods and made trades.

Answer 21

Jean-baptiste Colbert

Question 22

Palace of Louis XIV. Showed his wealth and power. Cost 2,000,000,000 had 10,000 servants, 60 staircases,

Answer 22

Versailles

Question 23

Ritual of Louis XIV where people put on his shoes or held wash tub for him. He had them do this so nobles couldn’t take his power.

Answer 23

Levee

Question 24

Philip V inherited throne and fought to prevent union of France and Spain. War dragged on until 1713 when a treaty was signed. What was this war?

Answer 24

War of Spanish succession

Question 25

In war of Spanish succession France signed this and Philip remained on Spanish throne but agreed to never unite two crowns again

Answer 25

Treaty of Utrecht

Question 26

This was mostly unwritten traditions England followed. The Tudors established this

Answer 26

English constitution

Question 27

They would work with consult parliament and it worked well. Monarch and parliament working together was the legit way to run the government and this is how they ran there's

Answer 27

The Tudors

Question 28

Group of people who approve of decisions dealing with money

Answer 28

Parliament

Question 29

Group of people who aren't rich who might put a check on monarchy. They abolished the monarchy House of Lords and established Church of England

Answer 29

House of Commons

Question 30

Group of monarchs who were abolished and declared England a republic

Answer 30

House of Lords

Question 31

Follow more in French monarchy like divine right of absolute rulers. Parliament took control over who would be next ruler so they couldn't pass throne down through family. They didn't like the parliament but later parliament won and made rules.

Answer 31

The Stuarts

Question 32

First Stuart. Said he had divine right and didn't need the parliament. House of Commons resisted kings claim to absolute power. He dissolved parliament and collected his own Taxes.

Answer 32

James I

Question 33

James I clashed with these Protestants who differed with the Church of England.

Answer 33

Dissenters

Question 34

James I also clashed with this group seeking to purify church of catholic practices. Called for simpler services and more democratic church without bishops.

Answer 34

Puritans

Question 35

Very divine right minded so absolute monarch. He needed to raise taxes so he needed parliament. Had to sign petition of right and later dissolved parliament

Answer 35

Charles I

Question 36

This document prohibited king to raise taxes without parliaments consent. Forces king to check with parliament

Answer 36

Petition of right

Question 37

Archbishop of Canterbury tries to impose common paper and make clergy follow Anglican rules.

Answer 37

William laud

Question 38

To deal with Charles and Laud they tried and executed his ministers including Laud said parliament couldn't be dissolved and Charles lashed back causing a civil war.

Answer 38

The long parliament

Question 39

Roundheads leader. Came up with new model army which officers select skill rather than social class. His army beat cavaliers.

Answer 39

Oliver Cromwell

Question 40

Basically colonists. Work ethic was a Protestant work ethic. 1630-1680 was religious work ethic.

Answer 40

Puritan work ethic or puritans

Question 41

The concept of this was secular work on earth like their religion. Religious work

Answer 41

The calling

Question 42

Supporters of Charles I. Wealthy nobles, well trained

Answer 42

Cavaliers

Question 43

Forces of parliament and leader was Oliver Cromwell. Called this because of their hair cut around there head

Answer 43

Roundheads

Question 44

Thought poor men should have as much say in government as gentry, lawyers, and other citizens

Answer 44

Levellers

Question 45

Since people were tired of commonwealth they wanted a king back so they called him. He believed in divine right but didn't want to have same issue with parliament like his dad Charles I so he accepted it but reversed Puritan policy giving back theaters and stuff

Answer 45

Charles II

Question 46

He Wanted to restore Roman Catholic Church which was bad. They changed the king known as glorious revolution.

Answer 46

James II

Question 47

``` 1Parliament has power of the purse 2) no catholic monarch 3) habeus corpus 4) trial by jury 5) parliament must have regular meetings Acts passed by parliament. ```

Answer 47

English bill of rights

Question 48

James daughter mary and husband William of orange became rulers of England and fled James II back to France. This was known as

Answer 48

Glorious revolution

Question 49

Constitution or legislative body limits monarchs power.

Answer 49

Limited monarchy

Question 50

Has rulers and limitations. Monarch will share power with government.

Answer 50

Constitutional government

Question 51

Head of cabinet

Answer 51

Prime minister

Question 52

Almost a finished version. Not a democracy. They have an oligarchy

Answer 52

Final settlement

Question 53

Small room where advisors meet in government

Answer 53

Cabinet

Question 54

Government in which ruling power belongs to a few people

Answer 54

Oligarchy

Question 55

Aristocrats who preserve older traditions and support royal powers. Stuck to status quo

Answer 55

Tories

Question 56

Backed policies of glorious revolution. Favor parliament over crown

Answer 56

Whigs

Question 57

Starts out small in Prague then there were many issues. Roll back reformation.

Answer 57

30 years war

Question 58

States ruled by HRE were chosen by 7 leading German princes called

Answer 58

Electors

Question 59

Catholic Hapsburg king of Bohemia sought to suppress Protestants and assert royal power over nobles. Lost in war

Answer 59

Ferdinand

Question 60

Nobleman threw two royal officials out a castle window in Prague. This started a revolt

Answer 60

Defenestration of Prague

Question 61

After years of fighting exhausted combats accepted this series of treaties. It inspired to bring peace and settled international problems. It was weak because it tried to solve too many problems

Answer 61

Treaty of Westphalia

Question 62

Charles VI had no male heir so his daughter took the throne. She was intelligent and he made people accept her but when he died people ignored their promises

Answer 62

Maria Theresa

Question 63

A Prussian ruler who came to power after the death of his dad. Gained loyalty of Prussian nobles, reduced nobles independence, and increased his own control. Put value on military and said army posses the state

Answer 63

Frederick I

Question 64

Son of Frederick I and was trained in war, even though he was interested in art. He won many battles and war and was known as Frederick the great

Answer 64

Frederick II

Question 65

Region that emerged as a new Protestant power. The Hohenzollern family united them

Answer 65

Prussia

Question 66

When Frederick II seized Hapsburg it sparked 8 year war. Maria Theresa wanted help from hapsburgs but Hungarians were unfriendly so she got help from Britain and Russia

Answer 66

War of the Austrian Succession

Question 67

Reduction in population

Answer 67

Depopulation

Question 68

Soldiers for hire, burned villages and killed without mercy.

Answer 68

Mercenaries

Question 69

Edict issued by Charles VI that Hapsburg throne could be inherited by a daughter

Answer 69

Pragmatic sanction

Question 70

City under possession of Bohemia under HRE

Answer 70

Silesia

Question 71

Used his power to put Russia on road to become great modern power. 10 years old when he got the throne and was very curious. Spent time in German quarters to learn about Western European technology

Answer 71

Peter the great

Question 72

Adoption of western ideas, technology, and culture

Answer 72

Westernization

Question 73

Absolute monarch like. Ruled with unlimited authority

Answer 73

Autocratic

Question 74

Landowning nobles

Answer 74

Boyars

Question 75

Since Russian seas were frozen in winter they couldn't trade. He got these to free ice year round

Answer 75

Warm water port

Question 76

On Baltic land peter built this new Capitol. It was very elegant and had Italian artists design it. A symbol of peters efforts

Answer 76

St. Petersburg

Question 77

She married tsar peter III and she won loyalty of the people, they killed him, and she got the throne

Answer 77

Catherine the great

Question 78

To avoid fighting one another these 3 monarchs agreed to partition-divide up this land.

Answer 78

Poland