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chapter 16 history > Chapter 16-age Of Absolutism > Flashcards

Chapter 16-age Of Absolutism Flashcards

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0
Q

Europeans fought to maintain this. Nations will fight to prevent one nation from becoming too powerful and dominating the region

A

Balance of power

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1
Q

Absolute monarchs claim this. The authority came directly from god.

A

Divine right

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2
Q

Ferdinand and Isabella’s grandson. Member of Hapsburg family. Lots of fighting during his reign. King to Hapsburg empire and changed his name to this which is what he goes by.

A

Charles V

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3
Q

Included Holy Roman Empire and Netherlands. Charles V ruled this and split it up giving Central Europe to his brother Ferdinand and his son Philip II got Netherlands, Spain, Italian states and overseas empires.

A

Hapsburg empire

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4
Q

Fighting breaks out in Holy Roman Empire and settled in this peace treaty. It allows German princes to choose their own religion with their lands.

A

Peace of Augsburg

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5
Q

He was catholic. Had 42 year reign, expanded Spanish influence, strengthened Catholic Church, made his own absolute power. Enemy was Elizabeth I

A

Philip II

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6
Q

Is not well respected at the beginning of her reign of England. “Married to England” (Virgin queen)

A

Elizabeth I

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7
Q

Name the English gave this wind. It made Spanish drop anchor and England won.

A

Protestant wind

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8
Q

Ruler with complete authority over government and lives of the people

A

Absolute monarchy

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9
Q

Fleet of soldiers. Spanish fleet not the reason of English decline

A

Armada

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10
Q

Famous painter “the Greek” not Spanish by birth. Produced haunting religious paintings and portraits of nobles.

A

El Greco

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11
Q

Wrote don Quixote which makes fun of chivalry.

A

Miguel de Cervantes

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12
Q

French Protestants

A

Huguenots

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13
Q

On this day catholic royals led massacre killing 3,000 Huguenots.

A

St. Bartholomews day

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14
Q

To protect Protestants he issued this granting Huguenots religious toleration and other freedoms.

A

Edict of Nantes

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15
Q

Huguenot prince who inherited French throne. Fought Catholics then converted to it but protected Protestants with edict of Nantes.

A

Henry IV

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16
Q

Nobles, merchants, peasants, rebelled to protest royal power. Made Louis XIV realize he needed order.

A

Fronde

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17
Q

Louis XIII appointed him to throne as chief minister and was all about order and control. Sought to destroy nobles and Huguenots because he thought they were threats to his power. Took away there armies. Patronage-giving out jobs so they couldn’t take his power.

A

Cardinal Richelieu

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18
Q

5 years when he inherited throne. Got kicked out. Then came back. Named sun king he thought everything revolved around him. Fond of fighting wars

A

Louis XIV

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19
Q

Louis XIV never called this group to check his power. Made up of 3 groups: clergy, nobles, and everyone else

A

Estates general

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20
Q

Royal officials who collected taxes

A

Intendants

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21
Q

Louis XIV minister imposed mercantilist ideas to bolster economy. Couldn’t produce enough money even when he put tariffs on imported goods and made trades.

A

Jean-baptiste Colbert

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22
Q

Palace of Louis XIV. Showed his wealth and power. Cost 2,000,000,000 had 10,000 servants, 60 staircases,

A

Versailles

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23
Q

Ritual of Louis XIV where people put on his shoes or held wash tub for him. He had them do this so nobles couldn’t take his power.

A

Levee

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24
Q

Philip V inherited throne and fought to prevent union of France and Spain. War dragged on until 1713 when a treaty was signed. What was this war?

A

War of Spanish succession

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25
Q

In war of Spanish succession France signed this and Philip remained on Spanish throne but agreed to never unite two crowns again

A

Treaty of Utrecht

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26
Q

This was mostly unwritten traditions England followed. The Tudors established this

A

English constitution

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27
Q

They would work with consult parliament and it worked well. Monarch and parliament working together was the legit way to run the government and this is how they ran there’s

A

The Tudors

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28
Q

Group of people who approve of decisions dealing with money

A

Parliament

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29
Q

Group of people who aren’t rich who might put a check on monarchy. They abolished the monarchy House of Lords and established Church of England

A

House of Commons

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30
Q

Group of monarchs who were abolished and declared England a republic

A

House of Lords

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31
Q

Follow more in French monarchy like divine right of absolute rulers. Parliament took control over who would be next ruler so they couldn’t pass throne down through family. They didn’t like the parliament but later parliament won and made rules.

A

The Stuarts

32
Q

First Stuart. Said he had divine right and didn’t need the parliament. House of Commons resisted kings claim to absolute power. He dissolved parliament and collected his own Taxes.

A

James I

33
Q

James I clashed with these Protestants who differed with the Church of England.

A

Dissenters

34
Q

James I also clashed with this group seeking to purify church of catholic practices. Called for simpler services and more democratic church without bishops.

A

Puritans

35
Q

Very divine right minded so absolute monarch. He needed to raise taxes so he needed parliament. Had to sign petition of right and later dissolved parliament

A

Charles I

36
Q

This document prohibited king to raise taxes without parliaments consent. Forces king to check with parliament

A

Petition of right

37
Q

Archbishop of Canterbury tries to impose common paper and make clergy follow Anglican rules.

A

William laud

38
Q

To deal with Charles and Laud they tried and executed his ministers including Laud said parliament couldn’t be dissolved and Charles lashed back causing a civil war.

A

The long parliament

39
Q

Roundheads leader. Came up with new model army which officers select skill rather than social class. His army beat cavaliers.

A

Oliver Cromwell

40
Q

Basically colonists. Work ethic was a Protestant work ethic. 1630-1680 was religious work ethic.

A

Puritan work ethic or puritans

41
Q

The concept of this was secular work on earth like their religion. Religious work

A

The calling

42
Q

Supporters of Charles I. Wealthy nobles, well trained

A

Cavaliers

43
Q

Forces of parliament and leader was Oliver Cromwell. Called this because of their hair cut around there head

A

Roundheads

44
Q

Thought poor men should have as much say in government as gentry, lawyers, and other citizens

A

Levellers

45
Q

Since people were tired of commonwealth they wanted a king back so they called him. He believed in divine right but didn’t want to have same issue with parliament like his dad Charles I so he accepted it but reversed Puritan policy giving back theaters and stuff

A

Charles II

46
Q

He Wanted to restore Roman Catholic Church which was bad. They changed the king known as glorious revolution.

A

James II

47
Q 
1Parliament has power of the purse 
2) no catholic monarch
3) habeus corpus
4) trial by jury
5) parliament must have regular meetings 
Acts passed by parliament.
A

English bill of rights

48
Q

James daughter mary and husband William of orange became rulers of England and fled James II back to France. This was known as

A

Glorious revolution

49
Q

Constitution or legislative body limits monarchs power.

A

Limited monarchy

50
Q

Has rulers and limitations. Monarch will share power with government.

A

Constitutional government

51
Q

Head of cabinet

A

Prime minister

52
Q

Almost a finished version. Not a democracy. They have an oligarchy

A

Final settlement

53
Q

Small room where advisors meet in government

A

Cabinet

54
Q

Government in which ruling power belongs to a few people

A

Oligarchy

55
Q

Aristocrats who preserve older traditions and support royal powers. Stuck to status quo

A

Tories

56
Q

Backed policies of glorious revolution. Favor parliament over crown

A

Whigs

57
Q

Starts out small in Prague then there were many issues. Roll back reformation.

A

30 years war

58
Q

States ruled by HRE were chosen by 7 leading German princes called

A

Electors

59
Q

Catholic Hapsburg king of Bohemia sought to suppress Protestants and assert royal power over nobles. Lost in war

A

Ferdinand

60
Q

Nobleman threw two royal officials out a castle window in Prague. This started a revolt

A

Defenestration of Prague

61
Q

After years of fighting exhausted combats accepted this series of treaties. It inspired to bring peace and settled international problems. It was weak because it tried to solve too many problems

A

Treaty of Westphalia

62
Q

Charles VI had no male heir so his daughter took the throne. She was intelligent and he made people accept her but when he died people ignored their promises

A

Maria Theresa

63
Q

A Prussian ruler who came to power after the death of his dad. Gained loyalty of Prussian nobles, reduced nobles independence, and increased his own control. Put value on military and said army posses the state

A

Frederick I

64
Q

Son of Frederick I and was trained in war, even though he was interested in art. He won many battles and war and was known as Frederick the great

A

Frederick II

65
Q

Region that emerged as a new Protestant power. The Hohenzollern family united them

A

Prussia

66
Q

When Frederick II seized Hapsburg it sparked 8 year war. Maria Theresa wanted help from hapsburgs but Hungarians were unfriendly so she got help from Britain and Russia

A

War of the Austrian Succession

67
Q

Reduction in population

A

Depopulation

68
Q

Soldiers for hire, burned villages and killed without mercy.

A

Mercenaries

69
Q

Edict issued by Charles VI that Hapsburg throne could be inherited by a daughter

A

Pragmatic sanction

70
Q

City under possession of Bohemia under HRE

A

Silesia

71
Q

Used his power to put Russia on road to become great modern power. 10 years old when he got the throne and was very curious. Spent time in German quarters to learn about Western European technology

A

Peter the great

72
Q

Adoption of western ideas, technology, and culture

A

Westernization

73
Q

Absolute monarch like. Ruled with unlimited authority

A

Autocratic

74
Q

Landowning nobles

A

Boyars

75
Q

Since Russian seas were frozen in winter they couldn’t trade. He got these to free ice year round

A

Warm water port

76
Q

On Baltic land peter built this new Capitol. It was very elegant and had Italian artists design it. A symbol of peters efforts

A

St. Petersburg

77
Q

She married tsar peter III and she won loyalty of the people, they killed him, and she got the throne

A

Catherine the great

78
Q

To avoid fighting one another these 3 monarchs agreed to partition-divide up this land.

A

Poland

chapter 16 history (1 decks)

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