Chapter 16 Flashcards
When are long strands of DNA visible?
AH
Replication or cell division
What is a genotype?
AH
The genetic makeup of an organism (all its genes)
The apperance of an organism. Its visible traits are called?
AH
Phenotype
How many chromosomes are autosomal?
AH
44 chromosomes or 22 pairs
What makes up a nucleotide structure?
AH
5 Carbon Sugar
Phosphate Group
Nitrogenous Base
What is Spermatogenesis?
KC
It’s the production of spermatozoa or sperm
KC
The second form of cell division results in the production of cells containing half the genetic content of the original cell. What form of cell division is this called?
KC
Meiosis
KC
What is reduction division?
KC
It’s the reduction of the number of chromosomes by half
(In humans from 46 to 23)
KC
What term is the presence of an extra chromosome number 21 and is better known as Down Syndrome?
KC
Trisomy 21
KC
What is the difference between Homozygous and Heterozygous?
KC
In Homozygous the two alleles are the same (Tall/Tall)
In Heterozygous the two alleles are different (Tall/short)
KC
What do sex chromosomes determine?
JC
the gender of an organism
JC
What is oogenesis?
JC
production of an egg or ovum
JC
The presence or abscense of one chromosome is what?
JC
Aneuploidy
JC
What makes RNA different from DNA?
JC
RNA contains the base uracil instead of thymine.
JC
What does the Law of Segregation state?
JC
Allele pairs separate during meiosis.
JC