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Endocrine System > Chapter 16 > Flashcards

Chapter 16 Flashcards

1
Q

Which other system does the endocrine system inter act with?

A

Nervous System

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2
Q

Is the endocrine system fast or slow compared to the nervous system? The effect?

A

Slow to act, long lasting effects

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3
Q

Describe Endocrine glands

A

Ductless glands, products travels by blood some are pure secreting

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4
Q

Which endocrine gland is also classified as a neuroendocrine gland?

A

Hypothalamus

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5
Q

Define hormone

A

Chemical substances secreted into blood to alter the activity of its target cell
2 types amino acids and steroids

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6
Q

What glands are apart of the endocrine system?

A

Pineal gland, hypothalamus pituitary gland, thyroid gland, Thymus, adrenal gland, pancreas, and gonads

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7
Q

What is target specifity?

A

Only cells that have receptors for the hormone can be altered by it

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8
Q

What type of feed back system controls hormone levels in the blood?

A

Negative

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9
Q

Describe the pituitary gland?

A

Inferior to the hypothalamus shape and size of a garden pea

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10
Q

What tissue class is each lobe of pituitary gland?

A

Anterior:Epithelia
Posterior: Nervous

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11
Q

What is the organization of the hypophysis all portal system?

A

Vascular pathway with 2 capillary beds, one for hypothalamic hormones to enter the blood and the other for hormones to exit the blood to stimulate the pituitary

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12
Q

What controls the release of hormones from the anterior pituitary gland?

A

Hormones from the hypothalamus

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13
Q

What is the LARGEST pure secreting Endo gland?

A

Thyroid

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14
Q

What is the shape and function of the thyroid gland?

A

Butterfly shaped on the anterior portion of the neck secretes hormones to calcium levels in the blood to stimulate the pituitary

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15
Q

What connects 2 lobes of the thyroid

A

Isthmus

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16
Q

Describe a thyroid follicle

A

Cube or circular shaped structure with borders of simple cuboidal cells called follicle cells. The inside has a substance called calloid

17
Q

Types of cells found in the thyroid gland?

A

Follicle cells: thyroid hormone

Parafollicular cells: calcitonin

18
Q

Functions of the Thyriod?

A

Controls basal metabolic rate and controls calcium levels in the blood

19
Q

Forms of Thyriod hormone?

A

T3 (triiodothyronine) and T4 (thyroxine)

20
Q

Function of calcitonin?

A

Regulates blood calcium levels

21
Q

Describe shape location and function of parathyroid glands

A

4 small round glands on posterior aspect of Thyriod it secretes calcitonin

22
Q

Main types of cells in the parathyriod?

A

Chief cells

23
Q

Name hormone made by parathyriod hormone and function

A

Released when calcium levels are low to bring back up to homeostatic value

24
Q

Relationship of calcitonin and parathyriod gland?

A

Antagonists

25
Q

Other name for adrenal gland?

A

Supra renal glands

26
Q

Describe adrenal gland

A

Pyramid shaped hands superior to kidneys relapse various hormones

27
Q

Layers of adrenal gland? How are they stimulated?

A

Cortex: hormonal
Medulla: neural

28
Q

What class of hormones are made in cortex of adrenal cortex?

A

Corticosteroids

29
Q

Types of corticosteroid

A

Aldosterone: water and sat balance at the kidney controls blood pressure
Cortisol: mobilizes sugar suppresses immune system
Gonadocoticiods estrogens and testosterone

30
Q

Cells produced by adrenal medulla

A

Chromaffin cells
EPI
NE both play a role in sympathetic response

31
Q

Cells of pancreas that have exocrine function?

A

Acinar cells release

Digestive enzymes in pancreatic juice

32
Q

Heart in endocrine?

A

Atrial natriuretic hormone lowers blood pressure

33
Q

Adipose

A

Leptin: full feeling (satiety)

34
Q

Kidney

A

Renin: raises blood pressure
Euthropoietin: increases red blood cell production in bone marrow.

35
Q

What is the endocrine system?

A

Influences metabolic activity by means of hormones

Endocrine System (1 decks)

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