Chapter 16 Flashcards
How has molecular systematics lead to classifying prokaryotes into two domains?
Small subunit ribosomal DNA
How common are prokaryotes on earth?
Very common, prokaryotes are found where there is life.
How do bacterial cell walls differ from plant cell walls?
Plant cell walls contain cellulose or chitin.
Bacterial cell walls contain peptidolycan
How does the cell wall aid in classifying the bacteria?
Gram-positive bacteria have simpler walls with a thick layer of peptidoglycan
Gram-negative bacteria have less peptidoglycan and a more complex outer membrane
Method bacteria use to locomote
They are equipped with flagella
How are prokaryotes able to survive in harsh conditions?
They divide by binary fission, reproduce rapidly, and can produce endospores.
Bacteria reproduce by_______.
Binary fission
What is an autotroph?
A self feeder
What are the four nutritional categories of bacteria?
Photoautotroph- photosynthesis
Chemoautotroph-gain energy from inorganic chemicals
Photoheterotroph- sunlight
Chemoheterotroph- organic compounds
Explain the role of bacteria in human diseases
Pathogenic bacteria cause about half of all human diseases. Most cause illness by producing a poison either an endotoxin or exotoxin
What is the ecological significance of prokaryotes?
Chemical recycling; decomposers. They unlock supplies of carbon,nitrogen, and other elements.
Which two domains are most closely related?
Archaea and Eukarya
What are characteristics of Bacteria?
Prokaryotic
Single celled
What are characteristics of Archaea?
Prokaryotic
More related to Eukarya than bacteria
Single celled
What are characteristics of Eukarya?
Eukaryotes
Multicellular organisms
Ex. Humans
