Chapter 16 Flashcards
4 D’s
Deviant, distressful, dangerous, and dysfunctional behavior patterns.
Diathesis Stress Model
A psychological theory that explains behavior as both a result of biological and genetic factors and life experiences.
Psychological Disorder
Persistently harmful throughs, feelings and actions.
Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (AHDH)
Disorder marked by the appearance of 1 or more of the 3 key symptoms. (Extreme inattention, hyperactivity, and impulsivity) Usually around age 7
Medical Model
The concept that diseases have physical causes that can be diagnosed, treated, and in most cases cured.
DSM-IV
The American Psychiatric Association Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of a Mental disorders; widely used system for classifying disorders.
Labeling Effect
When labels can stigmatize a person by biasing others interpretations and perceptions of past and present behaviors by affecting the way people react to a labeled person.
Anxiety Disorders
Characterized by distressing persistent anxiety or mal adaptive behavior that reduces anxiety.
Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD)
Disorder in which a person is continually tense, apprehensive, and in a state of autonomic nervous system arousal.
Panic Disorder
Anxiety disorder marked by unpredictable minutes-long episodes do intense dread in which a person experiences terror. (Accompanying chest pain, choking, or other sensations)
Phobia Disorder
Anxiety disorder marked by persistent, irrational fear and avoidance of specific objects or situation.
Agoraphobia
A fear or avoidance of situations in which escape might be difficult or unavailable when panic strikes.
Specific Phobia
Fear of a specific object
Social Phobia
An intense fear of being scrutinized by others.
Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD)
An anxiety disorder characterized by unwanted repetitive thoughts (obsessions) or actions (compulsions).
Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)
An anxiety disorder characterized by haunting memories, nightmares, social withdrawal, and/or anxiety and insomnia that lingers after the traumatic experience.
Dissociative Disorders
Disorders in which conscious awareness becomes separated from previous from memories, thoughts, and feelings.
Dissociative Identity Disorder
A rare dissociative disorder in which a person exhibits 2 or more distinct and alternating personalities.
Mood Disorders
Psychological disorders characterized by emotional extremes.
Major Depressive Disorder
A mood disorder in which a person experiences in the absence of drugs or a medical condition, 2 or more weeks of significantly depressed moods, feelings of worthlessness and diminished interest in activities.
Dysthymic Disorders
A down-in-the-dumps mood that fills most of the day, nearly everyday, for 2 or more years.
Mania
A mood disorder marked by a hyperactive, wildly optimistic state.
Bipolar Disorder
A mood disorder in which the person alternates between hopelessness and lethargy of depression and the overexcited state of mania.
Schizophrenia
A group of server disorders characterized by disorganized and delusional thinking, disturbed perceptions, and inappropriate emotions and actions.
Delusions
False beliefs, often of persecution or grandeur that may accompany psychotic disorders.
Hallucinations
Sensory experience that occur without a sensory stimulus.
Paranoid
Preoccupation with delusions or hallucinations often with themes of persecution or grandiosity.
Disorganized
Disorganized speech or behavior or flat or inappropriate emotions.
Catatonic
Immobility, extreme negativism, and/or parrot-like repeating of another’s speech or movements.
Personality Disorders
Psychological disorders characterized by influx able and enduring behavior patterns that impair social functions.
Antisocial Personality Disorder
A personality disorder in which the person exhibits a lack do consciousness for wrong doing, even towards family and friends.
