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History > Chapter 16-18 Vocab > Flashcards

Chapter 16-18 Vocab Flashcards

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1
Q

area built up by rich fertile soil left by river floods

A

alluvial plain

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2
Q

underground layer of rock through which water flows

A

aquifer

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3
Q

local marketplace in North Africa and Southwest Asia

A

Bazaar

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4
Q

Bedouin

A

nomadic desert people of Southwest Asia who follow a traditional way

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5
Q

successor to Mohammad

A

caliph

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6
Q

art of beautiful writing

A

caligraphy

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7
Q

older section of Algerian cities

A

casbah

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8
Q

farm product grown for export

A

cash crop

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9
Q

independent political unit that includes a city and a surrounding country.

A

city state

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10
Q

fight between opposing groups for control of a country’s government

A

civil war

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11
Q

a large group of people who have a common ancestor in the past

A

clan

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12
Q

form of government in which a Monarch is head of state, but elected officials run the government

A

constitutional monarchy

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13
Q

Agreement

A

covenant

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14
Q

for of writing from ancient Mesopotamia that consists of wedge-shaped markings pressed into clay tablets

A

cuniform

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15
Q

process of treating seawater to remove salt and minerals and make it drinkable

A

de-salinization

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16
Q

form of government in which a leader rules by force and typically limits citizens’ freedom

A

dictatorship

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17
Q

rules in certain religions that dictate which foods people eat and how food should be prepared

A

dietary law

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18
Q

agriculture that conserves water and uses crops and growing methods suited to semi-arid environments

A

dry farming

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19
Q

ban on trade with a country

A

embargo

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20
Q

small territory entirely surrounded by a larger territory

A

enclave

21
Q

tales or poems about heroes or heroines

A

epic

22
Q

large areas of soft sands and dunes in the Sahara

A

erg

23
Q

crack in the earth’s surface where two tectonic plates meet; prone to earthquakes

A

fault

24
Q

peasant farmers of Egypt who rent small plots of land

A

fellahin

25
Q

mass murder of people from a particular ethnic group

A

genocide

26
Q

pilgrimage to the Muslim holy city of Mekkah, the completion of which at least once in a lifetime is one of the five pillars of Islam

A

Hajj

27
Q

system of writing that uses small pictures to represent sounds or words

A

hieroglyphics

28
Q

process of collecting water and distributing it to crops

A

irrigation

29
Q

settlement in Israel where settlers share all their property and make goods as well as carry out farming

A

Kibbutz

30
Q

belief in one God

A

monotheism

31
Q

settlement in Israel in which people share in farming, production and selling, but each person is allowed to own some private property as well

A

moshav

32
Q

person who lives by moving from place to place to follow herds of migrating animals that they hunt; or to lead herds of grazing animals to fresh pasture

A

nomad

33
Q

fertile area that rises in a desert wherever water is regularly found

A

oasis

34
Q

name for powerful ruler in ancient Egypt

A

Pharaoh

35
Q

chemical salt used to make fertilizer

A

phosphate

36
Q

illegal fishing or hunting

A

poaching

37
Q

belief in more than one god

A

polytheism

38
Q

messenger of God

A

prophet

39
Q

making a resource available in limitation each year

A

rationing

40
Q

facility that turns petroleum into gasoline and other products

A

refinery

41
Q

christian holy person

A

saint

42
Q

non-religious

A

secular

43
Q

type of rock formed when layers of sediment or dirt from the ocean floor are compressed together and harden

A

sedimentary rock

44
Q

small particles of rich soil

A

silt

45
Q

partly dry grassland often found on the edges of the desert

A

steppe

46
Q

violence used against the people or government in hopes of winning political goals

A

terrorism

47
Q

form of government in which the leader claims to rule on behalf of a god

A

Theocracy

48
Q

step taken to cut off trade with a country to show opposition to it government’s actions

A

trade sanctions

49
Q

dry riverbed that fills with water when rare rain falls in a desert

A

wadi

History (5 decks)

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