Chapter 16 Flashcards
What is an acidic solution?
One that contains more hydrogen ions than hydroxide ions.
What is a basic solution?
One that contains more hydroxide ions than hydrogen ions.
What is a neutral solution?
One that has equal amounts of hydroxide and hydrogen ions.
Arrhenius Acid
Contains hydrogen ions in the front of the equation and dissociates to produce hydrogen ions in water
Arrhenius Base
Contains a hydroxide group and dissociates to produce hydroxide ions in water.
B-L acids
proton (or H+) donors
B-L bases
proton (or H+) acceptors
What is a conjugate acid?
The substance produced when a base accepts H+
What is a conjugate base?
The substance produced when an acid gives up H+
pH<7
acidic
pH=7
neutral
pH>7
basic
strong acids and bases
strong acids and bases ionize completely in water. The equilibrium strongly favors the products.
weak acids and bases
weak acids and bases only partially ionize. The equilibrium favors the reactants.
What are the strong acids?
HCl, HBr, HI, HNO3, H2SO4, HClO3, HClO4
What is an indicator?
An indicator changes color based on the pH of a solution.
What is a titration?
A technique used to determine the concentration of a solution through a neutralized reaction.
What is a buffer?
A buffer is a solution that resists change to pH.
What are buffers made from?
Buffers are made from weak acids and salts of their conjugate base or weak bases and salts of their conjugate acid.
What is the pH scale?
pH measures the amount of H+ in a solution.
What things cannot make buffers?
strong things (strong acids and bases)
