Chapter 16

Question 1

Asylums

Answer 1

The first institutions created for the specific purpose of housing people with psychological disorders, but the focus was ostracizing them from society rather than treating their disorders.

Question 2

Deinstitutionalization

Answer 2

The closing of large asylums

Question 3

Involuntary treatment

Answer 3

Refers to therapy that is not the individuals choice.

Question 4

Voluntary treatment

Answer 4

The person chooses to attend therapy to obtain relief from symptoms

Question 5

Psychotherapy

Answer 5

A psychological treatment that employs various methods to help someone overcome personal problems, or to attain personal growth.

Question 6

Biomedical therapy

Answer 6

Involves medication and/or medical procedures to treat psychological disorders.

Question 7

Free association

Answer 7

The patient relaxes and then says whatever comes to mind in that moment.

Question 8

Dream analysis

Answer 8

A therapist interprets the underlying meaning of dreams

Question 9

Transference

Answer 9

The patient transfers all the positive or negative emotions associated with the patients other relationships to the psychoanalyst

Question 10

Play therapy

Answer 10

Often used with children since they are not likely to sit on a couch and recall their dreams or engage in traditional talk therapy

Question 11

Psychoanalysis

Answer 11

Therapists help their patients look into their past to uncover repressed feelings

Question 12

Behavior therapy

Answer 12

A therapist employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors- rather than digging deeply into one’s unconscious

Question 13

Counterconditioning

Answer 13

A client learns a new response to a stimulus that has previously elicited an undesirable behavior

Question 14

Aversive conditioning

Answer 14

Uses an unpleasant stimulus to stop an undesirable behavior

Question 15

Exposure therapy

Answer 15

A therapist seeks to treat clients’ fears or anxiety by presenting them with the object or situation that causes their problem, with the idea that they will eventually get used to it.

Question 16

Systematic desensitization

Answer 16

A person creates a hierarchy of anxiety, ranging from the least - anxiety- producing stimulus to the feared object

Question 17

Virtual reality exposure therapy

Answer 17

By using a simulation to help conquer fears

Question 18

Token economy

Answer 18

Involves a controlled setting where individuals are reinforced for desirable behaviors with tokens, such as a poker chip, that can be exchanged for items or privileges.

Question 19

Cognitive therapy

Answer 19

A form of psychotherapy that focuses on how a person’s thoughts lead to feelings of distress.

Question 20

Rational emotive therapy

Answer 20

One of the first forms of cognitive- behavioral therapy

Question 21

Cognitive behavioral therapy

Answer 21

Helps clients examine how their thoughts affect their behavior

Question 22

Humanistic therapy

Answer 22

To help people become more self-aware and accepting of themselves

Question 23

Rogerian or Client- centered therapy

Answer 23

Psychologist Carl Rogers developed a therapeutic orientation

Question 24

Non directive therapy

Answer 24

A therapeutic approach in which the therapist does not give advice or provide interpretations but helps the person to identify conflicts and understand feelings

Question 25

Unconditional positive regard

Answer 25

Which involves not judging clients and simply accepting them for who they are

Question 26

Biomedical therapy

Answer 26

Individuals can be prescribed biologically based treatments or psychotropic medications that are used to treat mental disorders

Question 27

Electroconvulsive therapy

Answer 27

It involves using an electrical current to induce seizures to help alleviate the effects of severe depression.

Question 28

Intake

Answer 28

the therapist’s first meeting with the client

Question 29

Confidentiality

Answer 29

the therapist cannot disclose confidential communications to any third party unless mandated or permitted by law to do so

Question 30

Individual therapy

Answer 30

also known as individual psychotherapy or individual counseling, the client and clinician meet one-on-one (usually from 45 minutes to 1 hour)

Question 31

Group therapy

Answer 31

a clinician meets together with several clients with similar problems

Question 32

Couples therapy

Answer 32

involves two people in an intimate relationship who are having difficulties and are trying to resolve them

Question 33

Family therapy

Answer 33

is a special form of group therapy, consisting of one or more families.

Question 34

Structural family therapy

Answer 34

the therapist examines and discusses the boundaries and structure of the family: who makes the rules, who sleeps in the bed with whom, how decisions are made, and what are the boundaries within the family.

Question 35

Strategic family therapy

Answer 35

The goal is to address specific problems within the family that can be dealt with in a relatively short amount of time.

Question 36

Relapse

Answer 36

which means they return to abusing drugs and/or alcohol after a period of improvement

Question 37

Comorbid disorders

Answer 37

means the individual has two or more diagnoses.

Question 38

Cultural competence

Answer 38

which means they must understand and address issues of race, culture, and ethnicity.