Chapter 15 vocab

Question 1

Louis XIV

Answer 1

1. Louis XV - grandson of Louis XIV and king of France from 1715 to 1774 who led France into the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years’ War (1710-1774).

Question 2

Peter the Great

Answer 2

czar of Russia who introduced ideas from western Europe to reform the government; he extended his territories in the Baltic and founded St. Petersburg (1682-1725).

Question 3

William the Great Elector

Answer 3

Frederick William. noun. 1. (“the Great Elector”) 1620–88, elector of Brandenburg who increased the power and importance of Prussia. 2.

Question 4

Czar

Answer 4

an emperor of Russia before 1917.

Question 5

Absolutism

Answer 5

the acceptance of or belief in absolute principles in political, philosophical, ethical, or theological matters.

Question 6

Boyar

Answer 6

a member of the old aristocracy in Russia, next in rank to a prince.

Question 7

Ivan IV

Answer 7

known as Ivan the Terrible. 1530–84, grand duke of Muscovy (1533–47) and first tsar of Russia (1547–84). He conquered Kazan (1552), Astrakhan (1556), and Siberia (1581), but was defeated by Poland in the Livonian War (1558–82) after which his rule became increasingly oppressive. Ivan IV in Culture Expand.

Question 8

Divine right

Answer 8

divine right of kings definition. The doctrine that kings and queens have a God-given right to rule and that rebellion against them is a sin. This belief was common through the seventeenth century and was urged by such kings as Louis xiv of France. (See absolute monarchy.)

Question 9

Henry IV

Answer 9

Henry IV. 1050–1106. Holy Roman emperor and king of Germany (1056–1106) who struggled for power with Pope Gregory VII. Twice excommunicated, Henry appointed an antipope (1084) to crown him emperor, invaded Italy, and was dethroned by his sons. Known as “Henry Bolingbroke.”

Question 10

War of Spanish Secession

Answer 10

The War of the Spanish Succession (1701-14) was the first world war of modern times with theatres of war in Spain, Italy, Germany, Holland, and at sea. Charles II, king of Spain, died in 1700 without an heir. In his will he gave the crown to the French prince Philip of Anjou.

Question 11

Thirty Years War

Answer 11

Thirty Years’ War definition. A war waged in the early seventeenth century that involved France, Spain, Sweden, Denmark, Austria, and numerous states of Germany. The causes of the war were rooted in national rivalries and in conflict between Roman Catholics and Protestants.

Question 12

Catherine the Great

Answer 12

Catherine the Great definition. An empress of Russia in the late eighteenth century who encouraged the cultural influences of western Europe in Russia and extended Russian territory toward the Black Sea. She is also known for her amorous intrigues, including affairs with members of her government.

Question 13

Window to the West

Answer 13

V - The Window on the West - Frodo and Sam are captured by Faramir’s men and they are blindfolded on their way to Henneth Annûn. Frodo and Faramir discuss Boromir’s death

Question 14

Maria Theresa

Answer 14

proper noun. (1717–80), Archduchess of Austria, queen of Hungary and Bohemia 1740–80. The daughter of the Emperor Charles VI, she succeeded to the Habsburg dominions in 1740 by virtue of the Pragmatic Sanction.

Question 15

Pragmatic Sanction

Answer 15

an imperial or royal ordinance or decree that has the force of law.

Question 16

Hapsburg

Answer 16

a German princely family founded by Albert, count of Hapsburg (1153). From 1440 to 1806, the Hapsburgs wore the imperial crown of the Holy Roman Empire almost uninterruptedly. They also provided rulers for Austria, Spain, Hungary, Bohemia, etc.

Question 17

Austria, Seven Years War

Answer 17

Seven Years’ War, (1756–63), the last major conflict before the French Revolution to involve all the great powers of Europe. Generally, France, Austria, Saxony, Sweden, and Russia were aligned on one side against Prussia, Hanover, and Great Britain on the other.Jan 29, 2016

Question 18

Frederick the Great

Answer 18

Frederick the Great. … Definitions of Frederick the Great. n king of Prussia from 1740 to 1786; brought Prussia military prestige by winning the War of the Austrian Succession and the Seven Years’ War (1712-1786) Synonyms: Frederick II Example of: Rex, king, male monarch. a male sovereign; ruler of a kingdom.

Question 19

Frederick William I

Answer 19

Frederick William I (German: Friedrich Wilhelm I) (14 August 1688 – 31 May 1740), known as the ‘Soldier King,’ was the King in Prussia and Elector of Brandenburg from 1713 until his death, as well as the father of Frederick the Great.

Question 20

Glorious Revolution

Answer 20

The Glorious Revolution, also called the Revolution of 1688, was the overthrow of King James II of England (James VII of Scotland) by a union of English Parliamentarians with the Dutch stadtholder William III of Orange.

Question 21

Spanish Armada

Answer 21

a Spanish naval invasion force sent against England by Philip II of Spain in 1588. It was defeated by the English fleet and almost completely destroyed by storms off the Hebrides.

Question 22

James I, Puritans

Answer 22

Under James I of England, the Puritan movement co-existed with the conforming Church of England in what was generally an accepted form of episcopal Protestant religion. This equilibrium was disturbed towards the end of this period by several new developments, doctrinal from the Synod of Dort, political from the discussion of the Spanish Match shortly after the outbreak of the Thirty Years War, and internal to the Church with a partial shift of views away from Calvinism. Separatists who had never accepted King James’s settlement of religious affairs began migrating to New England colonies, from the Netherlands as well as England.

Question 23

Queen Elizabeth

Answer 23

Queen of England and Ireland (1558-1603) who succeeded the Mary I, a Catholic, and reestablished Protestantism in England. Her reign was marked by several plots to overthrow her, the execution of Mary Queen of Scots (1587), the defeat of the Spanish Armada (1588), and domestic prosperity and literary achievement.

Question 24

Charles, I

Answer 24

1600-1649. King of England, Scotland, and Ireland (1625-1649). His power struggles with Parliament resulted in the English Civil War (1642-1648) in which Charles was defeated. He was tried for treason and beheaded in 1649.

Question 25

petition of rights

Answer 25

Petition of Right, 1628, a statement of civil liberties sent by the English Parliament to Charles I. Refusal by Parliament to finance the king’s unpopular foreign policy had caused his government to exact forced loans and to quarter troops in subjects’ houses as an economy measure.

Question 26

long parliament

Answer 26

The Long Parliament was an English Parliament which lasted from 1640 until 1660. It followed the fiasco of the Short Parliament which had been held for three weeks during the spring of 1640, and which in its turn had followed an 11-years parliamentary absence.

Question 27

short parliament

Answer 27

The Short Parliament was a Parliament of England that sat from 13 April to 5 May 1640 during the reign of King Charles I of England, so called because it lasted only three weeks.

Question 28

cavaliers

Answer 28

a supporter of King Charles I in the English Civil War.

Question 29

war

Answer 29

world war

Question 30

mobilization

Answer 30

the ability to move or to relocate.