Chapter 15 - The Chromosomal Basis of Inheritance

Question 1

mendel’s law

Answer 1

segregation and independent assortment of chromosomes during meiosis

Question 2

law of segregation

Answer 2

two alleles of each gene separate during gamete formation

Question 3

law of independent assortment

Answer 3

alleles of genes on nonhomologous chromosomes assort independently during gamete formation

Question 4

linked genes

Answer 4

inherited together b/c located near each other on same chromosome

Question 5

nondisjunction

Answer 5

pairs of homologous chromosomes do not separate normally during meiosis (one gamete receives two of the same type of chromosome and other receives no copy)

Question 6

aneuploidy

Answer 6

nondisjunction occurs from gamete fertilization (down syndrome is an aneuploid resulting in trisomic of chromosome 21)

Question 7

monosomic zygote

Answer 7

only one copy of a particular chromosome

Question 8

trisomic zygote

Answer 8

three copies of a particular chromosome

Question 9

deletion

Answer 9

removes a chromosomal segment

Question 10

inversion

Answer 10

reverse a segment within a chromosome

Question 11

duplication

Answer 11

repeats a segment

Question 12

translocation

Answer 12

moves a segment (exchange fragments)

chronic myelogenous leukemia is translocation of chromosomes 22 and 9