Chapter 15 Pharmacology for the Radiographer

Question 1

Drugs that must bear the legend “caution: federal law prohibits dispensing without prescription” include the following:

Answer 1

Hypnotics and narcotics

Question 2

Alternative dietary and herbal supplements are classified as food, not drugs.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Define drug dependence and drug addiction.

Answer 3

reliance of a drug from psychological or physiologic reasons

Question 4

The alternative name for Valium is diazepam. Valium is:

Answer 4

trade name

Question 5

Drugs given by mouth are generally given in larger doses. This is because:

Answer 5

absorb more slowly

Question 6

For a drug to reach its therapeutic effect more quickly, a physician might order:

Answer 6

A larger initial dose, and later smaller doses

Question 7

Marjorie Merriweather takes oral morphine for chronic pain. After taking the prescribed dosage for 2 weeks, she notices that it no longer seems to be controlling the pain. This reaction is called:

Answer 7

tolerance

Question 8

Drug absorption varies from person to person. The efficiency of drug absorption is largely dependent on:

Answer 8

The absorptive surface available

Question 9

Drugs given orally are not affected by the first-pass effect.

Answer 9

False

Question 10

Factors that may influence the effect of a drug are:

Answer 10

A) Age and weight
B) Sex and time of day
C) Medication history and the patient’s temperament

Question 11

The method of drug action on living tissues

Answer 11

pharmacodynamics

Question 12

The process by which the body alters the chemical structure of a drug

Answer 12

metabolism

Question 13

Unintended but nontoxic effect of a drug

Answer 13

side effect

Question 14

Contrast agents are categorized as drugs. This is because they are absorbed into the systemic circulation and may produce a physiologic response on the body.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

The physiologic effect of a contrast agent on the patient’s body that may create an adverse reaction when administered is due to:

Answer 15

Its high viscosity, which prompts a sudden shift in body fluid from the interstitial spaces and cells into the systemic circulation

Question 16

Expected side effects of contrast agents administered by intravascular route are:

Answer 16

A) Feeling of warmth and flushning

C) Metallic taste in mouth

Question 17

A patient is receiving an intravenous contrast agent by bolus intravenous injection. The patient begins to complain of nausea, itching around his eyes, feeling dizzy, and a headache. The radiographer decides the patient is having:

Answer 17

Mild adverse reaction

Question 18

If coldness and swelling at the site of an intrvenous infusion are observed, the radiographer must:

Answer 18

Stop the infusion and apply cold or warm compresses

Question 19

The time it takes for a 50% decrease of a drug’s presence in body

Answer 19

Half-life

Question 20

The removal from the body

Answer 20

Clearance rate

Question 21

The effect of a drug that may be life-threatening

Answer 21

Adverse effect