Chapter 15 - Peds

Question 1

What is the underlying cause of the majority of cardiac arrests in children?

Answer 1

Respiratory failure

Question 2

What are the differences in the airway of a child vs. an adult?

Answer 2

It is higher and more anterior

Tongue is larger

Epiglottis larger

Prominent occiput (flexion/obstruction)

Hyperextension of neck can obstruct (poor cartilage support in trachea)

Infants under 6m are nasal obligate

Question 3

What age is Miller blade recommended?

What age is uncuffed tube allowable?

What is formula for determining tube size based age?

Answer 3

1. <4 years
2. Under 8 years
3. (Age/4) + 4

Question 4

What ventilator mode is preferred in children <10kg?

>10kg?

Answer 4

Pressure regulated if <10kg

Volume if >10kg

Question 5

Epinephrine dosing:

1) Arrest IV
2) Anaphylaxis
3) ETT

Answer 5

1) 0.01mg/kg 1:10000 IV (0.1 mL/kg)
2) 0.01mg/kg 1:1000 IM (0.01mL/kg)
3) 0.1mg/kg either formulation

Question 6

1) Dose of calcium chloride?
2) Dosing of NaHCO3?
3) Dosing of atropine?

Answer 6

1) 20mg/kg
2) 1meq/kg
3) 0.02mg/kg (minimum 0.1mg)

Question 7

1) Dosing of narcan?
2) Dosing of amiodarone?
3) Dosing of adenosine?

Answer 7

1) 0.1 mg/kg narcan
2) 5 mg/kg amiodarone
3) 0.1 mg/kg adenosine

Question 8

What are the typical rate cut offs for sinus tachycardia in the infant and child?

Answer 8

Infant >220 bpm

Child >180 bpm

Question 9

What is the weight based energy for

1) Defibrillation
2) Cardioversion

Answer 9

1) 2-4 J/kg
2) 0.5 J/kg