Chapter 15: Monopolistic competition, oligopoly and contestable markets Flashcards

1
Q

Define monopolistic competition

A

A market that shares some characteristics of a monopoly and some of perfect competition

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2
Q

Define product differentiation

A

A strategy firms adopt that marks their product as being different from their competitors

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3
Q

Define oligopoly

A

A market with a few dominant sellers in which each firm must take account of the behaviour and likely behaviour of rival firms in the industry

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4
Q

Define non-price competition

A

A strategy whereby firms compete by advertising to encourage brand loyalty, or by quality or design, rather than on price

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5
Q

Define cartel

A

An agreement between firms on price and/or output with the intention of maximising their joint profits

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6
Q

Define tacit collusion

A

Situation occurring when firms refrain from competing on price, but without communication or formal agreement between them

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7
Q

Define n-firm concentration ratio

A

A measure of the market share of the largest n-firms in an industry

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8
Q

Define predatory pricing

A

An anticompetitive strategy in which a firm sets price below average variable costs in an attempt to force a rival firm out of the market and achieve market dominance

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9
Q

Define contestable market

A

A market in which the existing firm makes only normal profit, as it cannot set a price higher than average cost without attracting entry, owing to the absence of barriers to entry and sunk costs

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10
Q

Define hit-and-run entry

A

Where a firm enters a market to take short-run supernormal profits knowing it can exit without incurring costs

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