Chapter 15- Manifest Destiny And The Growing Nation

Question 1

What does annex mean?

Answer 1

To add a territory to a country. Such an addition is called an annexation

Question 2

What is diplomacy?

Answer 2

The art of conducting negotiations with other countries

Question 3

What is a territory?

Answer 3

A region of land; also, a region designated by Congress and organized under a Governor

Question 4

What does manifest destiny literally mean?

Answer 4

Obvious fate

Question 5

Who was the first to use the phrase manifest destiny?

Answer 5

John O’ Sullivan, a New York newspaper editor.

Question 6

How did farmers use the port of New Orleans?

Answer 6

They floated their goods down the Mississippi River to New Orleans where they were sold or shipped to Europe.

Question 7

Who owned Louisiana before the United States did?

Answer 7

France

Question 8

What were the previous owner of Louisiana’s plans for the territory?

Answer 8

They hoped to settle the territory with thousands of farmers. These farmers would raise food for the slaves who worked on their sugar plantations in the Caribbean.

Question 9

Why did the plans of the previous owners of Louisiana worry Americans? What changed to these plans?

Answer 9

They were worried that the port of New Orleans would be closed to American goods, giving farmers no way to get their crops to market.
A slave revolt that was successful.

Question 10

Why did America get such a good bargain for Louisiana?

Answer 10

It was no longer needed and the sellers did not want to lose it to Britain in an oncoming war.

Question 11

What were the feelings of Americans about the Louisiana purchase?

Answer 11

Some supported the bargain.
Farmers were relieved to secure New Orleans.
Some thought it would be impossible to govern.
Some objected the price because the US already had little money.
Some said it was unconstitutional.

Question 12

Who lived in Florida?

Answer 12

Seminole Indians, Spanish colonists, English traders, and runaway slaves.

Question 13

What was the first part of the United States obtaining Florida?

Answer 13

Andrew Jackson invaded Florida against orders. He captured and replaced Spanish authority. Spain demanded that Jackson be called back to Washington and punished for his illegal invasion.

Question 14

What was the second part of the United States getting Florida?

Answer 14

President James Monroe asked his cabinet for advice-they all said to remove Jackson and apologize to Spain. All except John Quincy Adams, he said to send a blunt message to Spain-to govern properly or get out. Monroe listened and Spain left. The United States payed 5 million and honored Spain’s longtime claim to Texas.

Question 15

What is Manifest Destiny?

Answer 15

The belief that it was America’s right and duty to spread the nation across the North American continent

Question 16

Who founded anAmerican colony in Texas?

Answer 16

Stephen F. Austin

Question 17

Why were Americans upset with their life in Texas?

Answer 17

They resented taking orders from Mexican officials.
They were unhappy that all official documents had to be in Spanish.
Many slaveholders were upset when Mexico outlawed slavery in 1829.

Question 18

Why were Tejano’s upset with Americans?

Answer 18

They came to Texas without Mexico’s consent.
They showed little respect for Mexican culture.
They had no intention of becoming citizens.

Question 19

What did rising tensions between Tejanos and Americans in Texas result in?

Answer 19

Texas was closed to further American immigration.

Question 20

What did Austin propose to General Antonio Lopez de Santa Anna? How did he respond?

Answer 20

To reopen Texas to American immigration.

He said no and threw Austin in jail for two years.

Question 21

What happened at the Alamo?

Answer 21

180 American Texans (including eight Tejanos) defended the Alamo in San Antonio, Texas against 4000 of Santa Anna’s troops. Every last one of the Alamo’s defenders were killed and those who survived were executed on the spot by Santa Anna’s order. This enraged Texans.

Question 22

What was the strategy of the commander of the Texas Revolutionary Army, Sam Houston?

Answer 22

Lure Santa Anna’s troops deeper into Texas, hoping to make it harder for the general to supply his army and keep it battle ready.

Question 23

How did Sam Houston attack? What was the result?

Answer 23

When Santa Anna’s troops caught up at the San Jacinto river they expected the Texans to attack at dawn so the troops stayed awake all night. When no attack came, the weary Mexicans relaxed. Late that afternoon Houston’s troops attacked yelling “Remember the Alamo!” The Texans overran the Mexican camp, capturing Santa Anna, exchanging his freedom for ordering all his remaining troops out of Texas.

Question 24

What was the result of the Texas War for Independence?

Answer 24

Texas became it’s own nation

Question 25

What were two major parts of the debate over whether to annex Texas?

Answer 25

Slavery.
If it were annexed there would be one more slave state then free state.
Mexico.
Many feared it would lead to war with Mexico.

Question 26

What two things influenced the presidential campaign of 1844?

Answer 26

Texas.
Henry Clay was against annexation and his opposition, James Polk, was a strong believer in annexation.
Oregon.
With the same feelings.

Question 27

Did Texas become a state?

Answer 27

Yes, after Polk was elected Congress annexed Texas in 1845.

Question 28

What two nations laid claim to Oregon country? How was this resolved at first?

Answer 28

Great Britain and the United States agreed to a peaceful joint occupation of Oregon.

Question 29

How did the paths to Oregon found by Jedediah Smith and Louis and Clark differ?

Answer 29

Smith’s South Pass was lower and flatter.

Question 30

Why was Oregon described as “pioneers paradise”?

Answer 30

Good weather
Good soil
Many trees
Few diseases
Many animals

Question 31

What did Polk promise about Oregon?

Answer 31

All or fight for it.

No, he divided it roughly in half with Britain.

Question 32

Why did Polk think California and New Mexico territories were for sale?

Answer 32

Because they were thinly settled and the Mexican government had long neglected them.

Question 33

How did Mexicans feel about Texas’ annexation? What made matters worse?

Answer 33

They saw it as an act of war.

A border could not be agreed upon.

Question 34

What started the Mexican American war?

Answer 34

Mexican soldiers firing on US troops who were patrolling along the Rio Grande.

Question 35

How was New Mexico taken control of?

Answer 35

Without firing a single shot. General Stephen Kearny led his army to New Mexico.

Question 36

Did we get control of California?

Answer 36

Yes

Question 37

Who did General Zachary Taylor meet at Monterrey?

Answer 37

General Santa Anna

Question 38

How was the battle at Buena Vista?

Answer 38

Neither side really won, but Santa Anna retreated south.

Question 39

What happened in Chapultepec?

Answer 39

About 1000 Mexican soldiers and 100 young military cadets fought to defend the fortress. Six of the cadets chose to die fighting rather than surrender. America still captured Mexico City.

Question 40

Niños Héroes

Answer 40

Boy heroes

Question 41

The Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

Answer 41

America got an area that included the present-day states of California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico, as well as parts of Colorado and Wyoming. And return the United States paid Mexico $15 million and promised to protect the 80,000 to 100,000 Mexicans living in the areas.

Question 42

What was the opposition to the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo?

Answer 42

America had no right to any Mexican territory other than Texas
The land was not worth a dollar
They wanted more land

Question 43

Why did people want the Gadsden purchase?

Answer 43

For railroads