Chapter 15 Key Terms

Question 1

Detrusor Muscle

Answer 1

The smooth muscle wall of the urinary bladder

Question 2

Erythropoietin

Answer 2

A hormone released by the kidneys that stimulated red blood cell production

Question 3

Glomerular Capsule

Answer 3

Double layered epithelial cup that surrounds the glomerulus in a nephron; also called Bowman capsule

Question 4

Glomerular Filtration

Answer 4

The movement of blood plasma across the Filtration membrane in the renal corpuscle

Question 5

Glomerulus

Answer 5

cluster of capillaries in the nephron through which blood is filtered

Question 6

juxtaglomerular apparatus

Answer 6

complex of modified cells in the afferent arteriole and the ascending limb and distal tubule in the kidney; helps regulate blood pressure by secreting renin ; consists of macula densa and juxtaglomerular cells

Question 7

micturition

Answer 7

act of expelling urine from the bladder; also called voiding or urination

Question 7

nephrons

Answer 7

functional units of the kidney consisting of a renal corpuscle and a renal tubule

Question 8

nephron loop

Answer 8

the hairpin loop of the renal tubule that extends into the renal pyramids

Question 9

Renal corpuscle

Answer 9

portion of the nephron where Filtration occurs; consists of the glomerulus and glomerular capsule

Question 10

Renal Cortex

Answer 10

outer portion of the kidney that appears granular

Question 11

renal medulla

Answer 11

inner portion of the kidney consisting of renal pyramids

Question 12

renal pelvis

Answer 12

large cavity in the central region of the kidney that collects the urine as it is produced

Question 13

renal tubule

Answer 13

tubular portion of the nephron that carries the filtrate away from the glomerular capsule; site where tubular reabsorption and secretion occur

Question 14

renin

Answer 14

an enzyme secreted by the kidneys that functions in blood pressure regulation by stimulating the formation of angiotensin

Question 15

trigone

Answer 15

triangular area in floor of the urinary bladder formed by the openings for the urethra and the two ureters

Question 16

tubular reabsorption

Answer 16

the movement of filtrate from the renal tubules back into the blood in response to the body’s needs during urine formation

Question 17

tubular section

Answer 17

the movement of substances from the blood into the renal tubules in response to the body’s needs during urine formations

Question 18

ureter

Answer 18

tubular structure that carries urine from the renal pelvis to the urinary bladder

Question 19

urethra

Answer 19

passageway that conveys urine from the urinary bladder to the exterior

Question 20

urinary bladder

Answer 20

storage reservoir for urine; located in the pelvic cavity