Chapter 15 - Infection control; prevent spread of disease in healthcare

Question 1

What is Aerobic?

Answer 1

A microorganism that requires oxygen to live

Question 2

What is Anaerobic?

Answer 2

Organisms that reproduce with the absence of oxygen

Question 3

What does the Pathogen need to survive?

Answer 3

Warm temperature areas (98.6F),
Dark areas,
& Moisture - in metabolism to carry away wastes

Question 4

Example of a Virus
(can be multiple answers)

Answer 4

When one’s sickness spreads to the next

Question 5

Example of an Infection - bacterial
(can be multiple answers)

Answer 5

When a small cut or open wound gets dirt or bacteria inside

Question 6

Infectious Agent (germs)
-Chain of Infection

Answer 6

A pathogen, such as bacteria, virus, or parasite that causes disease

Question 7

Reservoir (where germs live)
-Chain of Infection

Answer 7

An area where an infectious agent can live - humans, animals (pets or wild), environment, & food or water

Question 8

Portal of Exit (how the germs get out)
-Chain of Infection

Answer 8

Way for infectious agent escapes reservoir (mouth, cuts, stool)

Question 9

Transmission - spores (germs get around)
-Chain of Infection

Answer 9

Way for infectious agent to spread (through objects or bodily function) – Contact, Airborne, Droplet

Question 10

Portal of Entry (how germs get in)
-Chain of Infection

Answer 10

Mouth, cuts in the skin, eyes can transmit bacterial infection to another

Question 11

Susceptible Host (who?)

Answer 11

Anyone
-mostly babies, children, elderly, weakened immune systems, & unimmunized people (no vaccines)

Question 12

What is Medical Asepsis?

Answer 12

Process of making an area clean & free of infectious materials ; clean techniques: reduces the number of microorganisms

Question 13

Whats Infection process cycle?

Answer 13

continuous cycle pathogen must have to survive (w/o, pathogen dies)

Question 14

Non-pathogens

Answer 14

microorganisms that don’t normally cause disease

Question 15

Pathogens

Answer 15

disease-producing microorganisms

Question 16

What is Nosocomial?

Answer 16

Disease spread through hospitals - hospital borne disease (ex. MRSA & ESBL)

Question 17

Purpose of Standard & OSHA

Answer 17

Purpose of Standard MUST be followed by employees with occupational standards
OSHA - organization (federal) to enforce standard precautions in healthcare
(in any work setting)

Question 18

What are Standard Precautions?

Answer 18

Rules (developed by CDC) to prevent spread of infection

Question 19

Communicable disease

Answer 19

disease caused by pathogens that can be transmitted easily to others

Question 20

Epidemic

Answer 20

Low spreads through local areas, regions (ex. hospitals)

Question 21

Pandemic

Answer 21

Wide spreads through states, or world-wide

Question 22

Herd Immunity

Answer 22

large amounts of people immune to a virus (stops spread of virus)