Chapter 15: Biofilm

Question 1

When does formation of acquired pellicle begin?

Answer 1

Within minutes over all tooth surfaces, calculus deposits and restorations

Question 2

Significance of acquired pellicle?

Answer 2

Protective
lubrication
nidus for bacteria
attachment for calculus

Question 3

What are the three basic steps of biofilm formation?

Answer 3

1. pellicle formation

2.

Question 4

Stages of biofilm formation

Answer 4

1. formation of pellicle
2. Bacterial multiplication
3. Matrix formation
4. Biofilm growth
5. Maturation

Question 5

Days 1 and 2

Answer 5

gram positive cocci, streptococcus mutans

Question 6

Days 2 to 4

Answer 6

increase in gram positive cocci

Question 7

Day 4 to 7

Answer 7

rods and filamentous appears, gram negative appears

Question 8

Day 7 to 14

Answer 8

vibrios, spirochetes, WBC! Inflammation begins

Question 9

Day 14 to 21

Answer 9

Gingivitis is evident, clinically

Question 10

As the number of microorganisms increase, the number of defense cells, leukocytes, ______

Answer 10

increase

Question 11

What is the difference between supra and sub microorganisms?

Answer 11

Sub gingival includes more anaerobic and motile organisms AND gram- negative
Supra are more aerobic and gram-positive

Question 12

Composition of biofilm

Answer 12

Organic and inorganic solids- 20%
water- 80%
(Microorganisms makes up 70-80% of the solid matter, which is higher in subgingival)

Question 13

What are inorganic elements in biofilm?

Answer 13

calcium, phosphorus, magensium, FL

Question 14

What are organic elements in biofilm?

Answer 14

carbs, protein, and trace amounts of lipids (fats)

Question 15

Supra gingival biofilm formation begins at the ________

Answer 15

gingival margin at proximal areas

Question 16

Name Factors influencing biofilm accumulation?

Answer 16

• crowded teeth
• rough surfaces
• occlusion

Question 17

Detection of biofilm

Answer 17

• direct vision- thin can not see, thicker like a fur coat
• use of explorer or probe- feels slimy coat, soft gooey)
• use of disclosing agent
• clinical record

Question 18

Why do you disclose after E.O and I.O exams?

Answer 18

It should be done AFTER you’ve thoroughly checked for any suspicious areas or oral lesions.

Question 19

What bacteria is found majority in healthy gingiva?

Answer 19

majority of aerobic, gram positive

Question 20

Material alba?

Answer 20

clinical appearance- thick white cottage cheese
effects- gingival inflammation, demineralization
prevention- so thick it can be removed by water spray or irrigator. Biofilm cannot.