chapter 15 and chapter 16 naming

Question 1

hierarchy mnemonic

Answer 1

CarAn AcEs ANAKATA
chapter 15: CarAn AcEs AN
chapter 16: AK
o chem 1: ATA

Carboxylic acid
Anhydride
Acid halide
Ester
Amide
Nitrile
Aldehyde
Ketone
Alcohol
Thiol
Amine
(alkene>alkyne)

Question 2

carboxylic acid
-priority #
-parent chain name
-substituent name

Answer 2

-1
-oic acid or carboxylic acid (ring)
-N/A

Question 3

carboxylate
-suffix
-cation

Answer 3

-name CA from which the carboxylate was derived and remove the suffix -oic acid and replace it with -oate
-write the name of the cation attached to the carboxylate in front of the name

Question 4

anhydride
-priority #
-parent chain name
-substituent name
-unsymmetrical

Answer 4

-2
-oic anhydride
-N/A
-name both sides with -oic alphabetized + anhydride

Question 5

acid halide
-priority #
-parent chain name
-substituent name

Answer 5

-3
-oyl halide or -carbonoyl halide (ring)
-halocarbonyl

Question 6

ester
-priority #
-parent chain name
-alkyl group
-substituent name

Answer 6

-4
-oate or -carboxylate (ring)
-place alkyl group attached to O name in front of the entire name (before stereochemistry too) with a space
-alkyoxycarbonyl

Question 7

amide
-priority #
-parent chain name
-alkyl group
-substituent name

Answer 7

-5
-amide or -carboxamide (ring)
-determine alkyl group attached to N and and integrate this as a substituent with locant N
-carbamoyl

Question 8

cyclic ester (lactones) and cyclic amides (lactams)
name of parent (2-6 carbons / 3-7 atoms)
how to number

Answer 8

lactone: 2-OXAcyclo(# atoms)one
lactam: 2-AZAcyclo(# atoms)one
example: 2 carbons / 3 atoms
2-oxacyclopropanone or 2-azacyclopropanone
number carbonyl as 1, O or N as 2, etc.

Question 9

cyclic ester (lactones) and cyclic amides (lactams)
common names (2-6 carbons / 3-7 atoms)
how to “number”

Answer 9

2C / 3A = aceto(lactone/lactam)
3C / 4A = propio
4C / 5A = butyro
5C / 6A = valero
6C / 7A = capro
carbonyl is ipso, carbon (not O or N) is alpha, etc.

Question 10

nitrile
-priority #
-parent chain name
-substituent name

Answer 10

-6
-nitrile or carbonitrile (ring)
-cyano

Question 11

aldehyde
-priority #
-parent chain name
-substituent name

Answer 11

-7
-al (two aldehydes = dial) or carbaldehyde (ring)
-oxo if on parent chain, formyl if coming off of parent chain

Question 12

ketone
-priority #
-parent chain name
-substituent name

Answer 12

-8
-one (two ketones = dione)
-oxo

Question 13

substituent names:
-alcohol
-thiol

Answer 13

-hydroxy
-mercapto