Chapter 15 Flashcards
complex emotions
jealousy
embarrassment
pride
guilt
complex emotions are more influenced by cultural display rules than by basic emotions
6 basic emotions
happy sad anger disgust surprise fear
basic emotions are universal and are associated with specific face muscles
Why do we have emotions?
response to danger: fight or flight
redistribute blood flow to muscles stress hormones startle reflexes increase respiration increase heart rate increase blood pressure
decision making,memory & other cognitive processes
emotions provide a “weighting’’ system for how important a specific stimulus is
social interaction
helps us infer intentions of others, which allows us to better predict their behaviors
guides with whom we socially interact
happy=approach
disgust=avoid
emotions & decision making
valence
arousal/intensity
intensity of the experience
electromyograpy (EMG)
face reading
activation of muscle motor units not always visible to the eye
markers of emotion
emotional stimuli –> bodily responses (sweating)
measured using a skin conductance response (SCR)
loss aversion
loss is experienced as more severe than gain
influences of emotions on declarative memory
the amygdala interacts with the hippocampus to influence memory
the amygdala can influence the strength of memories encoded by the hippocampus
neural basis of emotion: the amygdala
- representation of fearful facial expression
- fear conditioning
- modulatory effect on hippocampally mediated learning and memory
insula damage
selective impairment in experience and recognition of disgust
simulation theory
Mirror neurons
assumes perception of actions and emotional expressions of others uses same neural and cognitive resources that are used for producing actions and emotional expressions in oneself.
Mirror neurons don’t discriminate between completing action & seeing it
self-referent effect
information processed with respect to oneself is better retained in memory even if the memory test is incidental
medial PFC
activity greater for remembered personality traits evaluated with respect to oneself vs.another person or based on printed format
temporal poles
normally activated in tasks of language ad semantic memory
may provide current social or emotional context
superior temporal sulcus (STS)
region is involved in processing social information conveyed by gaze shifts
medial PFC
region activated in all functional imaging tasks of mentalizing
game playing task involving cooperation
understanding irony & metaphors
reasoning about self and others
temporal parietal junction (TPJ)
region activated during perception of biological motion eye gaze moving mouths living things in general lesions disrupt theory of mind tests
right TPJ
specialized for reasoning about other people’s thoughts
mind blindness
inability of autistic individuals to represent the mental states of others
impaired theory of mind
