Chapter 15 Flashcards
Respiratory Emergencies
Symptoms of Pneumothorax (3)
- Sudden chest pain with dyspnea
- Decreased breath sounds (affected side)
- Subcutaneous emphysema
Symptoms of Pulmonary embolus (4)
- Sudden onset
- Sharp chest pain
- Tachycardia
- Clear breath sounds initially
Symptoms of Tension pneumothorax (5)
- Severe shortness of breath
- Decreased/ Altered LOC
- Neck vein distention
- Tracheal deviation (late sign)
- Hypotension/signs of shock (late sign)
Symptoms of TB
- Productive bloody sputum
- Cough
- Fever
- Fatigue
Symptoms of Emphysema
- Barrel chest
- wheezing/decreased breath sounds
- Pursed lip breathing
- Cyanosis
- Dyspnea on exertion
Hypoxic Drive
“A condition in which chronically low levels of O2 in the blood stimulate the respiratory drive”. The brain gradually accommodates high levels of CO2. The backup system to control breathing based on low levels of O2 rather than high levels of CO2
Emphysema
Form of COPD; Extreme dilation and eventual destruction of the pulmonary alveoli with poor exchange of O2 and CO2
End- tidal CO@
The amount of CO2 present at the end of an exhaled breath
Expiratory reserve volume
The amount of air that can be exhaled following a normal exhalation
- Average vol. is 1,200 mL in the average adult man
External respiration
Exchange of gases between the lungs and the blood cells in the pulmonary capillaries; also called pulmonary respiration
Adventitious breath sounds
Abnormal breath sounds:
- Wheezing
- Stridor
- Rhonchi
- Crackles
Ataxic Respirations:
Irregular/ineffective respirations that may or may not have an identifiable pattern
Atelectasis
Collapse of the alveolar spaces of the lungs
Capnometry
The use of a capnometer, a device that measure the amount of expired carbon dioxide
Diphtheria
An infectious disease in which a membrane forms, lining the pharynx; this lining can severely obstruct the passage of air into the larynx
