Chapter 15

Question 1

Eclectic Approach

Answer 1

an approach to psychotherapy that, depending on the clients problems, uses techniques from various forms of the therapy.

Question 2

Psychoanalysis

Answer 2

Sigmund Freuds therapeutic technique. Freud believed the patients free associations, resistances, dreams, and transferences- and the therapists interpretations of them- released previously repressed feelings, allowing the patient to gain self-insight.

Question 3

psychotherapy

Answer 3

treatment involving psychological techniques: consits of interactions etween a trained therapist and someone seeking to overcome psychological difficulties or achieve personal growth.

Question 4

Resistance

Answer 4

in psychoanalysis, the blocking from consciousness of anxiety-laden material.

Question 5

Transference

Answer 5

in psychoanalysis, the patients transfer to the analyst of emotion linked with other relationships. (such as a love or hatred for a parent)

Question 6

Psychodynamic Therapy

Answer 6

therapy deriving from the psychoanalytic tradition that views individuals as responding to unconscious forces and childhood experiences, and that seeks to enhance self-insight.

Question 7

Client-Centered Therapy

Answer 7

a humanistic therapy, developed by carl rogers, in which the therapist uses techniques such as active listening within a genuine accepting, empathetic environment to facilitate clients growth. also called person centered therapy.

Question 8

Active listening

Answer 8

empathic listening in which the listener echoes, restates, and clarifies. a feature of Rogers client-centered therapy.

Question 9

Systematic desensitization

Answer 9

a type of exposure therapy that associates a pleasant relaxed state with gradually increasing anxiety-triggering stimuli. Commonly used to treat phobias.

Question 10

Token economy

Answer 10

an operant conditioning procedure in which people earn a token of some sort for exhibiting a desired behavior and can later exchange the tokens for various privileges or threats.

Question 11

Cognitive Therapy

Answer 11

therapy that teaches people new, more adaptive ways of thinking and acting; based on the assumption that thoughts intervene between events and our emotional reactions.

Question 12

Cognitive-behavior therapy

Answer 12

a popular integrated therapy that combines cognitive therapy (changing self defeating thinking) with behavior therapy (changing behavior).

Question 13

Meta-analysis

Answer 13

a procedure for statistically combining the results of many different research studies.

Question 14

Psychopharmacology

Answer 14

the study of the effects of drugs on mind and behavior.

Question 15

Antipsychotic drugs

Answer 15

drugs used to treat schizophrenia and other forms of severe thought disorder.

Question 16

Tardive Dyskinesia

Answer 16

involuntary movements of the facial muscles, tongue , and limbs; a possible neurotoxic side effect of long-term use of antipsychotic drugs that target certain dopamine receptors.

Question 17

Electroconvulsive therapy (ect)

Answer 17

Abiomedical therapy for severely depressed patients in which a brief electric current is sent through the brain of an anesthetized patient.

Question 18

Psychosurgery

Answer 18

surgery that removes or destroys brain tissue in an effort to change behavior.

Question 19

Lobotomy

Answer 19

a now-rare psychosurgical procedure once used to calm uncontrollably emotional or violent patients. the procedure cut the nerves connecting the frontal lobes to the emotion-controlling centers of the inner brain.

Question 20

Aversive conditioning

Answer 20

a type of conterconditioning that associates an unpleasant state (such as nausea) with unwanted behavior (such as drinking alcohol).