Chapter 15

Question 1

Affordable care act

Answer 1

Affordable Care Act (PPACA) is the landmark health reform legislation passed by the 111th Congress and signed into law by President Barack Obama in March 2010.

Question 2

Agenda Setting

Answer 2

Agenda-setting theory describes the ability to influence the importance placed on the topics of the public agenda

Question 3

Board of Governors

Answer 3

The board of governors is a several-member group that oversees or manages the running of an institution.

Question 4

Budget Deficit

Answer 4

when federal expenditures exceed federal revenues for a one year period

Question 5

Charter School

Answer 5

a publicly funded independent school established by teachers, parents, or community groups under the terms of a charter with a local or national authority.

Question 6

Common Core

Answer 6

a set of educational standards for teaching and testing English and mathematics between kindergarten and 12th grade.

Question 7

Department of Health and Human Services

Answer 7

The United States government’s principal agency for “protecting the health of all Americans and providing essential human services, especially for those who are least able to help themselves.

Question 8

Depression

Answer 8

a long and severe recession in an economy or market.

Question 9

Discount Rate

Answer 9

the minimum interest rate set by the Federal Reserve for lending to other banks.

Question 10

Distributive Policies

Answer 10

Aimed at ensuring proper distribution of opportunities, goods, services among different sections of society. Meant for specific groups / sections of society.

Question 11

Entitlement Programs

Answer 11

a government program that guarantees certain benefits to a particular group or segment of the population

Question 12

Federal Reserve System

Answer 12

central bank of the United States.

Question 13

Fiscal Policy

Answer 13

complete structure of government revenue and expenditures and the framework within which its agencies collect and disburse those funds.

Question 14

Governmental (institutional) agenda

Answer 14

list of subjects or problems to which government officials as well as individuals outside the government are paying serious attention at any given time.

Question 15

Gross domestic product (GDP)

Answer 15

the total value of goods produced and services provided in a country during one year.

Question 16

Inflation

Answer 16

a general increase in prices and fall in the purchasing value of money

Question 17

Keynesian Economics

Answer 17

economic theory of total spending in the economy and its effects on output and inflation.

Question 18

Laissez-Faire

Answer 18

abstention by governments from interfering in the workings of the free market.

Question 19

Means Tested Program

Answer 19

A means test is a determination of whether an individual or family is eligible for government assistance, based upon whether the individual or family possesses the means to do without that help.

Question 20

Medicaid

Answer 20

health care program that assists low-income families or individuals in paying for doctor visits, hospital stays, long-term medical, custodial care costs and more.

Question 21

Medicare

Answer 21

U.S. government program of hospitalization insurance and voluntary medical insurance for persons aged 65 and over and for certain disabled persons under 65

Question 22

Monetary Policy

Answer 22

the monetary authority of a country, typically the central bank or currency board, controls either the cost of very short-term borrowing or the monetary base, often targeting an inflation rate or interest rate to ensure price stability and general trust in the currency.

Question 23

National Debt

Answer 23

the total amount of money that a country’s government has borrowed, by various means.

Question 24

No Child Left Behind Act of 2001

Answer 24

The No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 was a U.S. Act of Congress that reauthorized the Elementary and Secondary Education Act; it included Title I provisions applying to disadvantaged students.

Question 25

Open Market Operations

Answer 25

a program that is not based on income or means of the recipient.

Question 26

Open Market Operations

Answer 26

An open market operation is an activity by a central bank to give liquidity in its currency to a bank or a group of banks.

Question 27

Policy Adoption

Answer 27

the third phase of the policy process in which policies are adopted by government bodies for future implementation.

Question 28

Policy Formulation

Answer 28

applies evaluation principles and methods to examine the content, implementation or impact of a policy

Question 29

Public Implementation

Answer 29

the third stage of policy cycle its means the stage of the policy process immediately after the passage of a law, or the action that will be taken to put the law into effect or that the problem will be solved.

Question 30

Public Policy

Answer 30

the principle that injury to the public good is a basis for denying the legality of a contract or other transaction.

Question 31

Recession

Answer 31

a period of temporary economic decline during which trade and industrial activity are reduced, generally identified by a fall in GDP in two successive quarters.

Question 32

Re-distributive Policies

Answer 32

A policy requirement whereby the government reallocates the wealth from one group in society to another group.

Question 33

Reserve Requirement

Answer 33

The reserve requirement is a central bank regulation employed by most, but not all, of the world’s central banks, that sets the minimum amount of reserves that must be held by a commercial bank.

Question 34

Social Security Act

Answer 34

created Social Security in the United States, and is relevant for US labor law. It created a basic right to a pension in old age, and insurance against unemployment

Question 35

Systemic Agenda

Answer 35

all issues that are commonly perceived by members of the political community as meriting public attention and as involving matters within the legitimate jurisdiction of existing governmental authority

Question 36

Vouchers

Answer 36

certificate of government funding for a student at a school chosen by the student or the student’s parents. The funding is usually for a particular year, term or semester.

Question 37

Policy Evaluation

Answer 37

applies evaluation principles and methods to examine the content, implementation or impact of a policy

Question 38

Non-Means-Tested Programs

Answer 38

a program that is not based on income or means of the recipient.