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Chapter 15: Musculoskeletal Injuries > Chapter 15 > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Flashcards

1
Q

Healing phase _

Begins at day 21

Can last up to 2 years

Remodeling of scar
Rebuilding of bone
Restrengthening of tissue

A

Maturation/ remodeling

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2
Q

fractures associated with disease are called

A

pathological fractures

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3
Q

Tightness, pain, burning at lateral aspect of knee our outside thigh

“Stabbing pain”

A

Iliotibial band syndrome

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4
Q

improper training methods
changing surfaces
over pronation

associated with:

A

chondromalacia

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5
Q

symptoms for _

dull ache

pain is elicited with initial activity, diminishes as activity continues

A

shin splints

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6
Q

substantial percentage of acute strains occur in:

  • running, jumping, sprinting
    causes: 4
A

hamstring

poor flexibility
poor posture
muscle imbalance
improper warm up

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7
Q

this injury involves:

deceleration, sudden stopping
twisting, pivoting, side stepping

A

ACL injury

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8
Q

drop in pelvis on the side opposite of the stance leg

indicates weakness in:

A

trendelenburg gait

hip abductors, gluteus minimus, medius on stance leg side

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9
Q

type of low back pain:

30-50 yrs old

invertebral discs get worn down and eventually degenerate

A

degenerative disc disease and sciatica

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10
Q

escape of blood into tissues marked by black or blue discoloration

occurs with _ injury

A

ecchymosis

muscle strain

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11
Q

low impact trauma

repeated microtrauma

A

stress fracture

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12
Q

Healing phase _

Duration - 6 days

Focus - immobilize injured area and begin healing

Increased blood flow brings oxygen and nutrients to rebuild damaged tissue

A

Inflammatory phase

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13
Q 
Sore last 24 hrs
Pain when sleeping 
Pain occurs earlier 
Increased stiffness 
Decreased ROM
Progressive weakness over sessions
Decreased function

Symptoms of :

A

Post injury/ post surgery overtraining

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14
Q

narrowing of carpal tunnel due to _ cause compression of the _

A

inflammation

median nerve

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15
Q

RICE

Elevation

A

Elevate 6-10 inches over and heart

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16
Q

overuse injuries cause 3 conditions

A

tendinitis
bursitis
fasciitis

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17
Q

_ injury is inversion with a _ foot

_injury is eversion with a _ foot

A

plantarflexed

dorsiflexed

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18
Q

ligament sprain grade _

moderate tenderness
decreasedROM
swelling
COMPLETE TEARS

A

grade II

RICE and physical evaluation

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19
Q

Strengthening will:

Rhomboids
Middle Traps
Serratus anterior

And rotator cuff

A

Restore proper scapulohumeral rhythm

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20
Q

*if information is NOT written down …

A

It did not occur and does NOT exist

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21
Q

_ injury involves:

impact to the outer knee
often occurs with injury to ACL

A

MCL injury

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22
Q

Of outside consultation is necessary

A

Written consent from the client is a must

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23
Q

Shoes for clients:

Participate in in several sports

Cardio and strength training ins single workout

A

Cross trainers

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24
Q

explosive acceleration, deceleration, lateral movement increase strains in _

most prevalent risk factor

A

hip

imbalance btwn hip adductors and abductors

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25
Q

inflammation commonly diagnosed in:

*acute trauma, repetitive stress

shoulder
hip
knee

A

bursitis

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26
Q

_ injury account for 20-40% of all athletic injury

gender more susceptible

A

ankle sprains

males

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27
Q

controlled eccentric strengthening of the calf complex through DORSIFLEXION beneficial for _

_ exercise then progress to _ exercise

Eccentric exercise may reduce _ and improve _

A

achilles tendonitis

  1. Heel raises standing on floor
  2. Standing with heels hanging off ledge

Pain , strength

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28
Q

stretching of iliotibial band, hamstrings and quadriceps should be focus of _ exercise programming

A

trochanteric bursitis

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29
Q

strains in _ are most common in running and jumping sports

risk factors: 3

A

calf

fluid and electrolyte depletion
forced knee extension while foot is dorsiflexed
forced dorsiflexion while knee is extended

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30
Q

Pes planus is associated with _ b/c loss of medial arch cause internal rotation of tibia or femur that’s alters the joint

A

Patrllofemoral joint

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31
Q

muscle strain grade _

complete tear

loss of muscle function

palpable defect, swelling discoloration

A

grade III strain

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32
Q

Healing phase _

Begins at day 3 and lasts till day 21

Wound films with collagen

Scar is formed

After 2-3 weeks the wound can resist normal stresses

A

Fribrolastic / proliferation

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33
Q

Symptom of _

Pain with:
 running
Ascending/ descending stairs
Squatting 
Prolonged sitting

Clicking or popping sound

A

PFPS

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34
Q

Instability btwn acromion and humeral head in shoulder due to

A

Shallow articular surface

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35
Q

symptoms for _ injury

progressive pain worsening with weightbearing activity
focal pain
pain at rest
local swelling

A

stress fracture

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36
Q

Symptom for _

Pain in medial side of heel

Excessive pain first few steps of the day

A

Plantar fasciitis

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37
Q

most common type of ankle sprain

A

lateral or inversion sprain

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38
Q

MCL primary role

A

prevent medial bending on the knee

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39
Q

MTSS associated with

A

pes planus - flat feet

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40
Q

_ injury most often occurs with a fall or contact during sports

A

ligament sprain

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41
Q

nerves coming out of the spinal cord get pinched due to narrowing of the formina _ may occur

A

sciatica

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42
Q

Shoes usually good for _ months

Or

_ miles

A

3-6 months

350 - 500 miles

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43
Q

_ risk factors for _

pes cavus
pes planus
leg length discrepensies
lateral ankle instability

A

intrinsic factors for achilles tendinitis

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44
Q

_injury:

pain occurs in anterior compartment of the leg

associated with exertional activity

common in runners and military

A

anterior shin splints

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45
Q

most common joints for sprains:

“popping sound”

A

ankle
knee
thumb/finger
shoulder

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46
Q

Live for the benefit of others

Lift others up

SERVE in order to lead

A

Be courageous!

You are capable through Gods strength

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47
Q

type of low back pain:

pain originating from abnormalities or deviations in the vertebrae, discs or facet joints

pain produced with movement

poor muscle strength and flexibility

A

mechanical pain

48
Q

_ injury

Anterior knee pain

Runners knee

16-25% all running injuries

Repetitive loading to the knee joint

A

PFPS

Patellofemoral pain syndrome

49
Q

Exercise program that focuses on regaining flexibility, and strength at the hip and lateral thigh is for:

A

ITBS

50
Q

_ injury

Inflammation of the patellar tendon at the insertion into the distal part of the patella and the proximal tibia

A

Infrapatellar tendinitis

51
Q

target _ muscle group after inversion ankle sprain

A

peroneal group

52
Q

_ injury is when the muscle works beyond it’s capacity,

microscopic tears in the muscle fibers

A

muscle strain

53
Q

Update client records every

A

3 month since

54
Q

When choosing proper footwear:

Get fitted _

Space btwn longest toe and end of shoe

Ball of foot should match

Wear socks with

A

Toward end of day

Width of index finger

Widest part of shoe

Synthetic fibers

55
Q

Causes for _ injury

Improper training
Sudden change in surface
Lower extremity inflexibility
Muscle imbalances

A

Infrapatellar tendinitis

56
Q

nerves coming out of the spinal cord get pinched due to narrowing of the formina _ may occur

A

sciatica

57
Q

clients with elbow tendinitis should avoid _

bicep curls and wrist curls should begin with_

avoid _ when performing shoulder exercises

A

high reps at the elbow and wrist

low reps and low weight

full elbow extension

58
Q

medial epicondylitis AKA

overuse / trauma of

A

golfer’s elbow

wrist flexor muscles near origin

59
Q

Injury:

Age 40 and older

Degeneration

Males for susceptible

A

Chronic rotator cuff inky

60
Q

inflammation commonly diagnosed in:

bottom and back of foot

linked to intrinsic and extrinsic factors

A

fasciitis

61
Q

Running on sand can cause

A

Achilles’ tendon issues

62
Q

Shoulder strain/sprain a result of :2

A

Significant mobility

Decreased stability

63
Q

RICE

For acute injury

A

R- rest or restricted activities

I - ice

C- compression

E- elevation

64
Q

Modified shoulder press for shoulder injury:

A

Do not fully extend arms

Shoulders positioned toward front of body - 30 degrees anterior to frontal plane

65
Q

most common SPORTS RELATED injury of the knee

females _

A

ACL injury

2-10 fold greater risk

66
Q

Exercise selections for clients with _

Restore proper flexibility and strength
Stretching/ myofascial release

Restore strength in hip, knee and ankle

Squats, lunges

Resistance band exercises for the ankle

45 degrees

A

PFPS

67
Q

Inflammation of connective tissue covering the bone is called _and is related to _

most frequently diagnosed injury in runners, dancers, ,military personnel

A

periosteum

MTSS

68
Q

muscle strain grade _

mild dtrain

few fibers are torn

possible localized spasms

A

grade I strain

69
Q

repetitive finger and wrist flexion can cause_

common in peak age range

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

40-60 yrs old

70
Q

risk factors for:

twisting of spine
prolonged static posture
disease
smoking
arthritis
obesity
A

risk factors for low back pain

71
Q

Exercise selections for _

Lunges and squats limited to 45 degrees

Aquatic exercise beneficial

A

Clients with IBTS

72
Q

ligament sprain grade _

significant swelling
tenderness and instability
RUPTURE OF LIGAMENT

A

grade III

73
Q

exercise selections for _ injury

rest and slow return to activity

*avoid extreme change in surfaces

slowly introduce client back into activity without exacerbating symptoms

cross training

stretching soleus

A

MTSS and anterior shin splints

74
Q

Tightness in these muscles can lead to patellofemoral pain syndrome:

5

A

IT band

Hamstrings

Gastrocnemius and soleus

Quadriceps

Hip

75
Q

Intrinsic foot muscles have:

Strengthening these helps to decrease stresses imposed_

A

Muscles bellies and tendons completely in the foot

Across the plantar fascia

76
Q 
Pain 
Swelling 
Redness 
Warmth
Loss of function

Symptoms of:

A

Inflammation

77
Q

muscle strain grade _

moderate strain

large # of fibers torn

severe muscle pain, tender

swelling, bruising

A

grade II strain

78
Q

_ injury

client may walk with a limp
trendelenburg gait

decreased muscle length in _ and _

*may require use of a cane as needed

A

trochanteric bursitis

quadriceps and hamstrings

79
Q

Infrapatellar tendinitis common in: 3

A

Basketball

Volleyball

Track and field

80
Q

Most frequent areas for pain

1.

2.

A

Lumbar pain

Shoulder pain

81
Q

you can do this through GOD’S STRENGTH

A

GOD HAS GOT THIS

CHILL!!

82
Q

_ injury:

Ages 15-50

Caused by training errors

Overtraining 
Improper footwear
Changes in running surface
Muscle imbalances 
Failure to stretch correctly 
Pes planus
A

Iliotibial band syndrome

83
Q

Jumpers knee

A

Infrapatellar tendinitis

84
Q

Pes cavus ( high arches) provide less _

This leads to excessive stress in the _ joint

A

Cushioning than a Norma foot

Patellofemoral joint

85
Q

medial tibial stress syndrome AKA :

MTSS

A

posterior shin splints

medial tibial stress syndrome

86
Q

Exercise selections for clients with:

Restore proper flexibility and stain lower extremity

Myofascial release

Restore strength throughout the hip

Exercise for hip and ankle complex

A

Infrapatellar tendinitis

87
Q

Injury related to trauma

Falling or lifting against overwhelming resistance

Common in ages younger than 30

Loss of function

A

Acute rotator cuff injury

88
Q

conservative management of musculoskeletal injury : 5

A

avoid aggravating movements

physical therapy

modalities

oral anti-inflammatories

cortisone injections

89
Q

type of low back pain:

pain originating from abnormalities or deviations in the vertebrae, discs or facet joints

pain produced with movement

poor muscle strength and flexibility

A

mechanical pain

90
Q

PFPS. Tight muscle

IT Band

A

Causes excessive lateral force to the patella

91
Q

PFPS tight muscle

Gastrocnemius/ soleus

A

Causes excessive posterior force and compensatory pronation

92
Q

symptoms for _

night or early morning pain/burning

loss of grip strength

numbness in thumb, index and middle fingers

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

93
Q

avoid full wrist flexion and extension movements if client has _

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

94
Q

grade 1 ankle sprain - activity can begin _

grade II ankle sprain - activity can begin _

grade III ankle sprain - activity can begin _

A

1-2 weeks after sprain

4-8 weeks after sprain

12-16 weeks after sprain

95
Q

_ injury

pain 2-6 inches above heel

morning pain that is sharp or burning

can interfere with ADL

A

achilles tendinitis

96
Q

inflammation commonly diagnosed in:

*occurs with new activity starting exercise program too quickly

shoulder
elbow
knee
ankle

A

tendinitis or tendinopathy

97
Q

ligament sprain grade _

minimal tenderness

minimal impairment

MICROSCOPIC TEARS

A

grade I

RICE

98
Q

Inflammatory condition of fascia of the foot

_% or running pain

A

Plantar fasciitis

10%

99
Q

3 phases of healing

A

Inflammatory

Fibrolastic/ proliferation

Maturation/ remodeling

100
Q

Weakness in hip abductors

Iliotibial band shortening and tenderness can cause

A

A limp due to pain

101
Q

RICE

Ice

A

Applied every hour for 10-20 min until swelling has passed

102
Q

PFPS weak muscles : 2

A

Hip abductor and external rotator weakness

103
Q

Stretching these is beneficial for clients with plantar fasciitis:3

_ techniques may help improve ROM

A

Gastrocnemius

Soleus

Plantar fascia

Self myofascial release

104
Q

2 common elbow injuries

A

Lateral and medial epicondylitis

105
Q

client should avoid

side lying positions

squats and lunges

AQUATIC exercise beneficial

A

trochanteric bursitis

106
Q

this low body stretching program is effective for clients with _

targeting muscle-length deficits that affect the foot and ankle: 2

A

shin splints

calf and anterior leg muscles

107
Q

most common reported knee injury

*most commonly occur with:

commonly seen in _individuals

A

injury to the menisci

trauma or degeneration

older individuals

108
Q

ankle sprain exercise progression: 3

A

forward running
sidestepping
multidirectional (carioca)

109
Q

risk factors for

errors in training
prior injuries
poor foot wear
muscle weakness
poor flexibility

these factors responsible for _ tendon trauma

A

extrinsic factors for achilles tendinitis

acute tendon trauma

110
Q

individuals _ years or older at risk for _ rupture

A

45 and older

achilles tendon

111
Q

PFPS tight muscle

Hamstrings

A

Causes posterior force to the knee leading to increased contact btwn the patella and femur

112
Q

softening or wearing away of cartilidge behind the patella

common symptom

A

chondromalacia

pain walking up/down stairs

113
Q

lateral epicondylitis AKA

overuse / trauma of

A

tennis elbow

wrist extensor muscles near their origin

114
Q

stretch _ : 2

tight muscles and decreased length in achilles tendon after after immobilization from ankle sprain:

A

gastrocnemius and soleus

115
Q

tightness in _ can cause PFPS due to its LATERAL dascial connectionc to the patella

A

IT band complex

116
Q

Strengthen the _ for a client with trochanteric bursitis

A

Gluteals

117
Q

_ injury primarily caused by training errors

A

ITBS

Chapter 15: Musculoskeletal Injuries (1 decks)

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