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Quiz 4 Med Term > Chapter 15 > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Flashcards

1
Q

achromatopsia

A

complete color blindess

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2
Q

chalazion

A

tumor of the eyelid

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3
Q

exotropia

A

outward deviation of the eye

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4
Q

nyctalopia

A

inability to see well in dim light

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5
Q

tinnitus

A

perception of ringing in the ears with no external stimuli

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6
Q

amblyopia

A

“lazy-eye” syndrome

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7
Q

diopter

A

measure of refractive errors

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8
Q

gonioscope

A

instrument for examining the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye

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9
Q

otitis externa

A

infection of the external auditory canal

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10
Q

tonometer

A

instrument that measures the internal pressure of the eye

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11
Q

anacusis

A

complete deafness

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12
Q

enucleation

A

removal of the eye from orbit

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13
Q

Meinere disease

A

disorder of the labyrinth that leads to progressive hearing loss

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14
Q

retinoblastoma

A

neoplastic disease of the eye found primarily in children

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15
Q

vertigo

A

feeling of dizziness or spinning

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16
Q

cataract

A

opacity that forms on the lens and impairs vision

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17
Q

epiphora

A

abnormal overflow of tears

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18
Q

neovascular

A

refers to the wet form of macular degeneration

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19
Q

strabismus

A

a condition in which one eye is misaligned with the other eye; also called heterotropia

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20
Q

visual field

A

area in which objects are seen when the eye is in a fixed position

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21
Q

caloric stimulation test

A

test that uses different water temperatures to assess the vestibular portion of the nerve of the inner ear to determine if nerve damage is the cause of vertigo

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22
Q

ophthalmoscopy

A

visual examination of the interior of the eye

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23
Q

cochlear implant

A

artificial device that produces hearing sensations by electrically stimulating nerves inside the inner ear; also called bionic ear

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24
Q

fluorescein angiography

A

assesses blood vessels and their leakage and retinal circulation using a colored dye while photographs are taken

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25
Q

otoplasty

A

corrective surgery for large, small, or deformed ears/pinna

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26
Q

mydriatics

A

agents that dilate the pupils and paralyze the eye muscles of accommodation

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27
Q

tonometry

A

evaluation of intraocular pressure by measuring the resistance of the eyeball to indentation by applied force; used to detect glaucoma

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28
Q

visual acuity test

A

determines the smallest letters that can be read on a standardized chart at 20 ft

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29
Q

evisceration

A

removal of the contents of the eyeball, leaving the sclera and cornea

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30
Q

antiemetics

A

treat and prevent nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and vertigo

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31
Q

wax emulsifiers

A

loosen and help remove impacted cerumen

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32
Q

enucleation

A

removal of the entire eyeball from its orbit

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33
Q

ST

A

esotropia

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34
Q

ophthalmic decongestants

A

constrict small arterioles of the eye to decrease redness and conjunctival congestion

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35
Q

XT

A

exotropia

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36
Q

gonioscopy

A

visual examination of the angle of the anterior chamber of the eye; determine mobility and diagnose glaucoma

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37
Q

otoscopy

A

visual examination of the external auditory canal

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38
Q

audiometry

A

measurement of hearing acuity at various frequencies

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39
Q

radial keratotomy

A

surgical treatment of nearsightedness that uses small incisions to flatten the cornea

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40
Q

otic analgesics

A

provide temporary relief from earache

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41
Q

ophthalmology

A

medical specialty concerned with disorders of the eye

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42
Q

otolaryngology

A

medical specialty concerned with disorders of the ear, nose, and throat

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43
Q

audiologists

A

allied health-care professionals who work with patients with hearing, balance, and related problems

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44
Q

VA

A

visual acuity

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45
Q

VF

A

visual field

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46
Q

ametropia

A

an error of refraction (exists when light rays fail to focus sharply on the retina)

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47
Q

farsightedness

A

hyperopia, hypermetrophia, the eyeball is too short and image falls behind the retina

48
Q

nearsightedness

A

eyeball is too long, the image falls in front of the retina

49
Q

presbyopia

A

form of farsightedness, defect associated with the aging

50
Q

astigmatism (Ast)

A

the cornea or lens has a defective curvature. causes light rays to diffuse over a large area of the retina rather than being sharply focused

51
Q

laser-assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK)

A

surgery- changes the shape of the cornea, change is permanent.

52
Q

phacoemulsification

A

method of treating cataracts by using ultrasonic waves to disintegrate a cloudy lens, which is then aspirated and removed

53
Q

glaucoma

A

increased intraocular pressure, failure of aqueous humor to drain from the eye through the tiny duct called the canal of schlemm

54
Q

2 types of primary glaucoma

A

chronic: open-angle, simple, or wide-angle
acute: angle-closure, narrow-angle glaucoma

55
Q

applanation tonometry

A

screening test considered most accurate, use numbing drops and is pain free

56
Q

miotics

A

medication that causes pupils to constrict

57
Q

esotropia

A

inward misalignment

58
Q

exotropia

A

outward misalignment

59
Q

stereopsis

A

result of binocular perception of depth or 3D space

60
Q

amblyopia

A

“lazy-eye syndrome”

61
Q

macular degeneration

A

deterioration of macula, most sensitive portion of the retina

62
Q

agerelated macular degeneration (ARMD, AMD)

A

leading cause of visual loss in US, toxic effect of drugs

63
Q

wet or neovascular ARMD

A

less common, small blood vessels from under the macula, leakage, severe loss of central vision

64
Q

dry ARMD

A

small yellowish deposits call drusen develop on macula and interfere with central vision

65
Q

synalgia

A

infections of the nose and throat that refer pain to the ear

66
Q

otitis media

A

inflammation of the middle ear

67
Q

otopyorrhea

A

earache and drainage of puss from ear

68
Q

mastoiditis

A

infection of mastoid process

69
Q

otoencephalitis

A

inflammation of brain tissue near middle ear

70
Q

analgesics

A

drug to relieve pain

71
Q

myringotomy, tympanotomy

A

incision of the eardrum, to relieve pressure and promote drainage

72
Q

pressure-equalizing tubes (PE tubes)

A

treatment for children with recurrent infection, inserted through tympanic membrane; also called tympanostomy tubes or ventilation tubes

73
Q

otosclerosis

A

disorder characterized by an abnormal hardening of bones of the middle ear causing hearing loss

74
Q

ankylosis

A

abnormal hardening

75
Q

stapedectomy

A

surgical correction involving removing part of stapes

76
Q

conjunctivitis

A

inflammation of the conjunctiva with vascular congestion, producing a red or pink eye; may be secondary to viral, bacterial, or fungal infections or allergy

77
Q

convergence

A

medial movement of the two eyeballs so that they are both directed at the object being viewed

78
Q

ectropion

A

eversion, or outward turning, of the edge of the lower eyelid

79
Q

emmetropia (Em)

A

state of normal vision

80
Q

entropion

A

inversion or inward turning of the edge of the lower eyelid

81
Q

exophthalmos

A

protrusion of one or both eyeballs

82
Q

hordeolum

A

localized, circumscribed, inflammatory swelling of one of the several sebaceous glands of the eyelid, generally caused by a bacterial infection; also called stye

83
Q

metamorphopsia

A

visual distortion of objects

84
Q

nystagmus

A

involuntary eye movements that appear jerky and may reduce vision or be associated with other, more serious conditions that limit vision

85
Q

papilledema

A

edema and hyperemia of the optic disc usually associated with increased intracranial pressure; also called choked disc

86
Q

photophobia

A

unusual intolerance and sensitivity to light

87
Q

retinopathy

A

any disorder of retinal blood vessels

88
Q

diabetic retinopathy

A

disorder that occurs in pts with diabetes and is manifested by small hemorrhages, edema, and formation of new vessels on the retina, leading to scarring and eventual loss of vision

89
Q

trachoma

A

chronic, contagious form of conjunctivitis common in the SW US that typically leads to blindness

90
Q

conduction impairment

A

blocking of sound waves as they pass through the external and middle ear (conduction pathway)

91
Q

labyrinthitis

A

inflammation of the inner ear that usually results from an acute febrile process, may lead to progressive vertigo

92
Q

noise-induced hearing loss (NIHL)

A

condition caused by the destruction of hair cells, the organs responsible for hearing, caused by sounds that are “too long, too loud, or too close”

93
Q

presbyacusis

A

impairment of hearing resulting from old age; also called presbyacusia

94
Q

electronystagmography (ENG)

A

method of assessing and recording eye movements by measuring the electrical activity of the extraocular muscles

95
Q

ophthalmodynamometry

A

measurement of blood pressure of the retinal vessels; used to determine reduction of blood flow in the carotid artery

96
Q

pneumatic otoscopy

A

procedure that assesses the ability of the tympanic membrane to move in response to a change in air pressure

97
Q

retinoscopy

A

evaluation of refractive errors of the eye by projecting a light into the eyes and determining the movements of reflected light rays

98
Q

dacryocystography

A

radiographic imaging procedures of the nasolacrimal (tear) glands and ducts

99
Q

orthoptic training

A

exercises intended to improve eye movements or visual tracking that use training glasses, prism glasses, or tinted or colored lenses

100
Q

blepharoplasty

A

cosmetic surgery that removes fatty tissue above and below the eyes that commonly form as a result of the aging process or excessive to the sun

101
Q

cyclodialysis

A

formation of an opening between the anterior chamber and the suprachoroidal space for the draining of aqueous humor in glaucoma

102
Q

mastoid antrotomy

A

surgical opening of a cavity within the mastoid process

103
Q

sclerostomy

A

surgical formation of an opening in the sclera; performed in conjunction with surgery for glaucoma

104
Q

tuning fork test

A

method use to evaluate sound conduction using a vibrating tuning fork

105
Q

Rinne

A

tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction (BC) versus air conduction (AC) of sound

106
Q

Weber

A

tuning fork test that evaluates bone conduction of sound in both ears at the same time

107
Q

tympanoplasty

A

reconstruction of the eardrum, commonly due to perforation; also called myringoplasty

108
Q

ophthalmic antibiotics

A

inhibit growth of microorganisms that infect the eye

-erythromycin base

109
Q

antiglaucoma agents

A

decrease aqueous humor production by constricting the pupil to open the angle between the iris and cornea

  • timolol
  • acetazolamide
110
Q

mydriatics

A

drugs that disrupt parasym. nerve supply, causing pupil to dilate
-atropine sulfate

111
Q

opthalmic decongestants

A

constrict the small arterioles of the eye, decrease redness and relieving conjunctival congestion
-tetrahydrozoline

112
Q

opthalmic moisturizers

A

sooth dry eyes due to environment irritants and allergens

-buffered isotonic solutions

113
Q

ear antiemetics

A

treat and prevent nausea, vomiting, dizziness, and vertigo by reducing sensitivity of the inner ear to motion or inhibiting stimuli
-meclizine

114
Q

otic analgesics

A

provide temporary relief from pain and inflammation associated w/otic disorders
-antipyrine and benzocaine

115
Q

wax emulsifiers

A

loosen and help remove impacted cerumen (ear wax)

-carbamide peroxide

Quiz 4 Med Term (2 decks)

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