Chapter 15

Question 1

Solvent

Answer 1

The dissolving medium in a solution

Question 2

Solute

Answer 2

Dissolved particles in a solution

Question 3

Effloresce

Answer 3

To lose water of hydration the process occurs when the hydrate has a vapor pressure higher than that of water vapor in the air

Question 4

Brownian motion

Answer 4

The chaotic movement of colloidal particles caused by collision with particles of the solvent in which they are dispersed

Question 5

Anhydrous

Answer 5

Describes a substance that does not contain water

Question 6

Deliquescent

Answer 6

Describes a substance that removes sufficient water from the air to form a solution

Question 7

Desiccant

Answer 7

A hygroscopic substance used as a drying agent

Question 8

Non electrolyte

Answer 8

A compound that does not conduct an electric current in aqueous solution or in the molten state

Question 9

Hygroscopic

Answer 9

a term describing salts and other compounds that remove moisture from the air

Question 10

Tyndall effect

Answer 10

Scattering of light by particles in a colloid or suspension which causes a beam of light to become visible

Question 11

Electrolyte

Answer 11

A compound that conducts an electric current when it is an aqueous solution

Question 12

Strong electrolyte

Answer 12

A solution in which a large portion of the solute exists as ions

Question 13

Emulsion

Answer 13

the colloidal dispersion of one liquid in another

Question 14

Weak electrolyte

Answer 14

A solution that conducts electricity poorly because only a fraction of the solute exists as ions

Question 15

Water of hydration

Answer 15

Water molecules that are an integral port of a crystal structure

Question 16

Suspension

Answer 16

A mixture from which some the particles settle out slowly upon standing

Question 17

Hydrate

Answer 17

A compound that had a specific number of water molecules bound to each other formula unit

Question 18

Colloid

Answer 18

A mixture whose particles are intermediate in size between those of a suspension and solution

Question 19

Surface tension

Answer 19

An inward force that tends to minimize the surface areas of liquid; it causes the surface to behave as if it were a thin skin

Question 20

Surfactant

Answer 20

Any substance that interferes with the hydrogen bonding between water molecules and thereby reduces surface tension; soaps are surfactants

Question 21

Solvation

Answer 21

A process that occurs when an ionic solute dissolves; in solution, solvent molecules surround the positive and negative ions

Question 22

Aqueous solution

Answer 22

Water that contains dissolved substances