Chapter 15 Flashcards
Tests given, usually nationwide, under uniform conditions and scored according to uniform procedures
Standardized Tests
Classroom assessments are selected and created by teachers and can take many different forms- unit tests, essays, portfolios, projects, performances, oral presentations, etc.
Classroom Assessments
An evaluation expressed in quantitative terms
Measurement
Procedures used to obtain information about student performance
Assessment
Ungraded testing used before or during instruction to aid in planning and diagnosis
Formative Assessment
Formative test for assessing students’ knowledge, readiness, and abilities
Pretest
Testing that follows instruction and accesses achievement
Summative Assessment
In which scores are compared with the average performance of others
Norm Referenced Testing
Testing in which scores are compared to a set performance standard
Criterion Referenced Testing
Consistency of a test
Reliability
Degree to which a test measures what it is intended to measure
Validity
Qualities of an assessment instrument that offend or unfairly penalize a group of students because of the students’ gender, SES, race, ethnicity, etc.
Assessment of Bias
A test without cultural bias
Culture-fair/culture-free test
Multiple-choice, matching, true/false, short-answer, and fill-in tests. Scoring answers does not require interpretation
Objective Testing
The question part of a multiple-choice item
Stem
Wrong answers offered as choices in multiple-choice tests
Distractors
Assessment procedures that test skills and abilities as they would be applied in real-life situations
Authentic
Any form of assessment that requires students to carry out an activity or produce a product in order to demonstrate learning
Performance
A collection of the student’s work in an area, showing growth, self-reflection, and achievement
Portfolios
A performance test or demonstration of learning that is public and usually takes an extended time to prepare
Exhibitions
Rules that are used to determine the quality of a student’s performance
Scoring Rubrics
Ungraded (formative) assessments that gather information from multiple sources to help teachers make decisions
Informal Assessments
Assessment of students’ achievement in relation to one another
Norm Grading
Norm-referenced grading that compares students’ performance to an average level
Grading on a Curve
Assessment of each student’s master of course objectives
Criterion Referenced Grading
Distance between the highest and lowest scores in a group
Range
Percentage of those in the norming sample who scored at or below an individual’s score
Percentile Rank
Measure of grade based on comparison with norming samples from each grade
Grade Equivalent Score
Making teachers and schools responsible for student learning, usually by monitoring learning with high stakes tests
Accountability
Standardized tests whose results have powerful influences when used by school administrators, other officials, or employers to make decisions.
High Stakes Testing
