chapter 15 Flashcards
computing hardware
physical components of info technology
-including the computer , storage devices, input devices and output devices
software
a computer program or collection of programs
-precise set of instructions that tells hardware what to do
what can managers who understand software do?
-understand the possibilities and impact of technology
-make better decisions
-appreciate the challenges, costs, security vulnerability, legal and compliance issues and limitations involved with developing and using technology
what does software do
tell the hardware what to do
operating system
software that controls the computer hardware and establishes standards for developing and executing application
applications
desktop programs, enterprise software, utilities and other programs that perform specific tasks for users and organization
what is an example of an application
-Microsoft office
-TikTok app
-EA sports
what is an example of an operating system
-windows
-mac OS
-android
what is an example of hardware
-windows PC
-Mac
-Iphone
-Android phone
-Apple watch
-Alexa speaker
firmware
software stored on nonvolatile memory chips
BIOS
the base-level commands for controlling a hardware device
what does BIOS stand for
Base Input/Output System
embedded systems
special purpose software designed and included inside physical products
platforms
products and services that allow for the development and integration of software products and other complementary goods
application software
performs the work that users and firms are directly interested in accomplishing
desktop software
applications installed on a personal computer typically supporting tasks performed by a single user
enterprise software
application that address the needs of multiple users throughout an organization or work group
software package
software product offered commercially by a third party
enterprise resource planning (ERP)
software package that integrates the many functions of a business
what does CRM stand for
customer relationship management
customer relationship management
systems used to support customer related sales and marketing activities
what does SCM stand for?
supply chain management
supply chain management
systems that can help a firm manage aspects of its value chain, from the flow of raw materials through delivery of finished products and services at the point of consumption
what does BI stand for
business intelligence
business intelligence systems
systems that use data created by other systems to provide reporting and analysis for organizational decision-making
database
is an organized collection of structured info, or data (all forms - structured/ unstructured/ audio/ video)
what does DBMS stand for
database management system
database management system
software for creating, maintaining and manipulating data in databases
what does DBMS do
store and retrieve the data created and used by enterprise applications
cloud computing
where software and other computing functions are delivered as a service through an internet connection rather than being installed on a user or firm’s computer hardware
artificial intelligence and machine learning systems
mimic or improve upon functions that would otherwise require human intelligence
distributed computing
a form of computing where systems in different locations communicate and collaborate to complete a task
server
program that fulfills the requests of a client
what is a server in hardware context
computer that has been configured to support requests from other computers
what is a server in software context
a program that fulfills requests
client
software program that makes requests of a server program
application server
software that houses business logic for use (and reuse) by multiple application
web services
small pieces of code that are accessed via the application server that permit interoperable machine - to - machine interaction over a network
application programming interface (APIs)
programming hooks, or guidelines, published by firms that tell other programs how to get a service to perform a task such as send or receive data
service-oriented architecture (SOA)
set of web services built around an organization’s processes and procedures
platforms
products and services that allow for the development and integrations of software products and other complementary goods
