Chapter 15

Question 1

organization of people who share political, social or other goals; and agree to try to influence public policy to achieve those goals.

Answer 1

Interest Groups

Question 2

addresses the question of how to guard against “factions”, or groups of citizens, with interests contrary to the rights of others or the interests of the whole community. Madisons concludes three separate branches of government would prevent the domination and influence of factions or interests.

Answer 2

Federalist Paper No. 10

Question 3

A theory of government that holds that multitude of views ultimately results in consensus on some issues, which in turn intensifies competition between the different interests

Answer 3

Pluralism

Question 4

A strategy by which organized interests seek to influence the passage of legislation by exerting direct pressure on members of the legislature. In short, applying pressure to influence government.

Answer 4

Lobbying

Question 5

Research institution, often with specific ideological goals

Answer 5

Think Tanks

Question 6

Motivation to join an interest group based on the belief in the group’s cause from an ideological or a moral standpoint.

Answer 6

Purpose Incentive

Question 7

A reason or motive having to do with the desire to associate with others and to share with others a particular interest

Answer 7

Solidary Incentive

Question 8

Something tangible, such as money or services, which attracts people to join mass-membership organizations.

Answer 8

Material Incentive

Question 9

groups that organize to influence government to produce collective goods or services that benefit the general public

Answer 9

Public Interest Groups

Question 10

groups that have a narrow interest on which their members tend to take an uncompromising stance

Answer 10

Single-Issue Groups

Question 11

political organizations that attract members by appealing to their political convictions or principles

Answer 11

Ideological Groups

Question 12

the political committee for a interest group that raises funds and donates to election campaigns

Answer 12

Political Action Committee (PAC)

Question 13

2010 decision by the U.S. Supreme Court holding corporations and other organizations have free speech protected by the 1st Amendment and so money contributions cannot be limited by federal law. Decision overturned Bipartisan Campaign Reform Act (BCRA law) and will lead to creation of SuperPACs

Answer 13

Citizens United V. FEC

Question 14

a type of independent political action committee which may raise unlimited sums of money from corporations, unions, and individuals but is not permitted to contribute to or coordinate directly with parties or candidates but can do so indirectly

Answer 14

Super PACs

Question 15

three-way alliance among legislators, bureaucrats, and interest groups to make or preserve policies that benefit their respective interests.

Answer 15

Iron Triangle

Question 16

A loose grouping of people and organizations who seek to influence policy formation.

Answer 16

Issue Networks

Question 17

representatives of interest groups who contact lawmakers or other government officials directly to influence their policy making

Answer 17

Lobbyists

Question 18

A Latin term meaning “friend of the court.” Refers to interested groups or individuals, not directly involved in a suit, who may file legal briefs or oral arguments in support of one side.

Answer 18

Amicus Curiae

Question 19

movement from the job as legislator or regulator to a job within an industry

Answer 19

Revolving Door