Chapter 15 Flashcards
Composition of the muscular system
Bones, muscles, and joints
Bones
Protect and support internal organs
Assist the body in movement
Serve as a point of attachment for muscles
Inner cores is composed of hematopoietic tissue
Contains minerals necessary for growth like calcium and phosphorus
Complete organ composed of a connective tissue name osseous tissue and rich supply of blood vessels and nerves
Joints
Places at which bones come together
Different types of joints determined by the greater or lesser flexibility of movement
Muscles
Attached to bones, internal organs, blood vessels
Responsible for movement
Tendons
Connective tissue that binds muscles to bones
Ligaments
Connective tissue that bind bones to other bones
Internal movement
Involve contraction and relaxation of muscles found in visceral
External movement
Involve contraction and relaxation of muscles attached to the bones
Orthopedist
Treat bones, muscles, joint
Rheumatologist
Non-surgical physicians specialize primarily in joint problems
Physiatrist
Dr focus on rehabilitation after injury or illness to muscle, bones and nerves
Chiropractor
Not a physician but has extensive and specialized training in using physical means to manipulate the spinal column, joints and soft tissues
Physical therapist
Doctoral degree-prepared health care professionals who develop a treatment plan based on a patient’s physical impairment with or without a physician diagnosis
Goal is to restore function, improve mobility, and relieve pain.
Athletic trainer
Work with a physician
Provide therapeutic intervention and rehabilitation of injuries and medical conditions
Osseous tissue
Combination of osteocytes, collagen(dense connective tissue strands), and intercellular calcium salts
Ossification
Bone formation
Gradual replacement of cartilage and its intercellular substance by immature bone cells and calcium deposits
Osteoblasts
Immature osteocytes that produce the bony tissue replacing cartilage during ossification
Osteoclast
Large cells that function to reabsorb or digest bony tissue
Diaphysis
Shaft or middle region of a long bone
Epiphysis
Each end of a long bone
Epiphyseal line or plate
Area of cartilage tissue that is constantly being replaced
Metaphysis
Flared portion of the bone
Periosteum
Vascular membrane that covers the surface of long bone
Articular cartilage
Cover the end of long bone and surface of any bone that meets another bone to form a joint
Compact(cortical) bone
Dense bone that lies under the periosteum in all bones
