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Psychology Test 1 > Chapter 15&16 > Flashcards

Chapter 15&16 Flashcards

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1
Q

How do we know if someone has a psychological disorder?

A

Deviation
Maladaptive
Personal Distress

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2
Q

What are the three most common psychological disorders ?

A

Substance use disorders
Anxiety disorders
Mood disorders

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3
Q

Explain mood disorders?

A

Class of disorders marked by emotional disturbances that may disrupt physical, perceptual, social, and thought processes

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4
Q

What are the two classes of mood disorders?

A

A. Bipolar I

B. Depressive disorder

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5
Q

Explain major depressive disorder?

A

Prolonged feelings of sadness and despair and loss of interest in previous source of pleasure

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6
Q

What indicates major depressive disorder?

A
  1. Duration of symptoms

2. Degree of disruption to life

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7
Q

What is Bipolar I disorder?

A

At least one episode of mania plus episodes of depression

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8
Q

What causes a mood disorder?

A

Complex interactions between psychological and biological factors

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9
Q

List the causes of a mood disorder.

A
  1. Genetic vulnerability
  2. Hormonal factors
  3. Stress
  4. Personality traits
  5. Interpersonal factors
  6. Cognitive factors
  7. Concussions
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10
Q

Explain anxiety disorders.

A

Marked by feelings of excessive apprehension and anxiety

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11
Q

Explain generalized anxiety disorder.

A

Ongoing feeling of anxiety and worry, not focused on any particular object of situation. Aka “free floating”

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12
Q

Explain phobia’s

A

Persistent and irrational fear of an object or situation that does not pose a realistic threat

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13
Q

What are the symptoms of a phobia

A

Anticipatory reaction
Extreme fear and distress
Avoidance behaviour
Physical reaction

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14
Q

Explain panic disorders.

A

Attacks of overwhelming anxiety that occurs suddenly and unexpectedly

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15
Q

What is agoraphobia?

A

Fear of going into public places

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16
Q

What are the causes of anxiety disorder?

A
  1. Genetic vulnerability
  2. Conditioning and learning
  3. Cognitive factors
  4. Stress
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17
Q

Explain classical conditioning.

A

An object or event/situation is paired with a powerful negative emotion so the event comes to trigger and emotional response

18
Q

Explain operant conditioning

A

Avoidance of the object is reinforced because it allows you to avoid the fear/panic response

19
Q

What are the symptoms of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders?

A
  1. Delusions and irrational thought
  2. Deterioration of adaptive behaviour
  3. Perceptual distortion
  4. Emotional disturbances
20
Q

Explain schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders.

A

A class of disorders with a common feature or a break from reality due to symptoms of hallucinations and delusions

21
Q

What causes psychotic disorders?

A

Genetic vulnerability
Neurodevelopmental hypothesis
Lifestyle
Stress

22
Q

What percentage of police contacts involve mental health?

A

20-30%

23
Q

Explain personality disorders.

A

Long standing, extreme, inflexible, personality traits that cause distress or impaired social or occupational functioning

24
Q

What are the symptoms of schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders?

A
  1. Delusions and irrational thought
  2. Deterioration of adaptive behaviour
  3. Perceptual distortion
  4. Emotional disturbances
25
Q

Explain schizophrenia spectrum and other psychotic disorders.

A

A class of disorders with a common feature or a break from reality due to symptoms of hallucinations and delusions

26
Q

What causes psychotic disorders?

A

Genetic vulnerability
Neurodevelopmental hypothesis
Lifestyle
Stress

27
Q

What are the types of personality disorders?

A

Odd Eccentric cluster
Anxious fearful cluster
Dramatic erratic cluster
Antisocial

28
Q

What is psychotherapy?

A

The treatment of psychological problems and mental health disorders

29
Q

Provides verbal interactions intended to enhance clients self knowledge and thus promote healthy changes in personal behaviour

A

Insight “talk” therapy

30
Q

What is insight “talk” therapy

A

Provides verbal interactions intended to enhance clients self knowledge and thus promote healthy changes in personal behaviour

31
Q

Psychodynamic therapy: Freud

A

Unconscious conflicts usually from early childhood are source of current problem

32
Q

Unconscious conflicts usually from early childhood are source of current problem

A

Psychodynamic therapy: Freud

33
Q

Psychoanalysis

A

Goal is to identify/resolve unconscious conflict through interpretation of clues generated by the unconscious

34
Q

Goal is to identify/resolve unconscious conflict through interpretation of clues generated by the unconscious

A

Psychoanalysis

35
Q

Who founded client centred therapy ?

A

Carl Rogers

36
Q

What is client cantered therapy ?

A

Providing supportive emotional climate and letting the client determine the pace and direction of therapy

37
Q

What three conditions must the therapist provide in client cantered therapy ?

A

Genuineness
Empathy
Unconditional

38
Q

What is the goal of client cantered therapy?

A

Reconstruct self concept to better correspond to reality

39
Q

What are the basic assumptions of behavioural therapies ?

A

1) most maladaptive behaviours are learned

2) what has been learned can be unlearned

40
Q

What is systematic desensitization ?

A

Reduces anxiety by having clients visualize/be exposed to object or

Psychology Test 1 (1 decks)

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