Chapter 15 + 16 Flashcards
The nickname for Senator Stephen A. Douglas of Illinois, who was the person most likely to be nominated for president by the democrats in 1860, was
Little Giant
The debates on slavery between the Illinois Republican and Democratic candidates for the US Senate that occurred in seven towns from mid-August to mid-October 1858 were known as the
Lincoln-Douglas debates
One of the best selling novels in American history, written by Harriet Beecher Stowe and published in 1851 was the critique of slavery titled:
Uncle Tom’s Cabin
In the debate preceding the Compromise of 1850, John C. Calhoun argued that
The state’s rihts dotrine as a legitimate defense of minority rights
The territories were the common property of all the states.
The Constitution protected a person’s right to property everywhere.
Congress did not have the right to prohibit slavery in the territories
THe older generation of sectional leaders who played a final role in the debates of 1850 included
Henry Clay, Daniel Webster, and John C. Calhoun
True for the Fugitive Slave Law
It convinced many northern whites that slavery was a moral wrong
It drove many blacks to flee to Canada
The federal government enforced it rigorously
Captured slaves in the North were at the mercy of slave catchers because they had not rights to defend themselves
The document composed by Pierre Soule, John Mason, and James Buchanan propsoing that the US buy or, if necessary, seize Cuba from Spain became known as the
Ostend Manifesto
The efforts of Commodore Mathew Perry led to an 1854 treaty that opened trade with the previously isolationist Asian nation of
Japan
THe legislation sponsored by Stephen A Douglas, which in effect repealed the Missouri Compromise in return for southern support for a transcontinental railroad to be bulit west of CHicago was the
Kansas-Nebraska Act
The Kansa Nebraska Act
Helped bring about the organization of the Republican Party
THe Missourians who crossed into Kansas to cast fraudulent ballots and promote the pro-slavery cause called themselves
Border Ruffians
The popular name for American Party members who often belonged to secret Protestant fraternal societies was the
Know-Nothings
Nativism in the 1850s refers to the fear and hatred of
Immigrants
Hte Dred Scott decision did all of the following
Encourage Southerners to feel their position on slavery to be the correct one
Raise northern fears that slavery would become the national norm
Deem that the federal government could not interfere with the movement of property throughout the territories
Rule that the Missouri Compromise was unconstitutional
THe Panic of 1857
Convinced the South that its system was superior
The Republican platform of 1860 included all of the folloiwng
Federal government support for economic development
A proposal to provide nearly free western lands to free men
Support for a transcontinental railroad
The passage of a higher protective tariff to aid buisness
THe first state to secede, on December 20, 1860, was
South Carolina
THe organization created by President Lincoln to promote healthier conditions at military camps and support the vlunteer efforts to supply food and medicine was called the
United States Sanitary Commission
The border states included all of the follwing
Maryland
Kentucky
Delaware
Missouri
THe North’s advantages in teh Civil War included all of the following
More railroad mileage
More industrial capacity, such as firearm production
A larger population
Greater manufacturing capabilities for such goods as footwear
THe souths actual advantages in the Civil War included all of the following
A tradition of honor and some excellent generals
A better traind troops at the onset of the war
The fact that the Northw ould have to occupy the SOuth to win
The reality that it was fighting a defensive war
Lincoln’s primary goal early on as to
Keep the Union together and reconcile the South as soon as possible
The paper bank notes issued by the federal government under the Legal Tender Act of February 1862 became known from their colors as
Greenbacks
The battle between the Monitor and the Merrimac
Introduced iron plating and revolving turrets
THe Emancipation Proclamation
was made possible by the THirteenth Amendment
Results of blacks serving in the Union army
The warm reception of black people in the SOuth, who were overjoyed at the sight of armed black men
Blacks earned the respect ofofficers and could calim citizenship
The Confederate’s threatened to execture them and did at Fort Pillow
Some nothern laws changed, reducing discrimination
AFter the war bgan, the poliical situation in the North involved all of the following
A growing bureaucracy composed partly of women
Increased shortages of food and food riots
More independence and decision-making by Southern slaves
Public meetins demanding a negotiated peace
Sherman’s Special Field Order 15
Set aside 400,000 acres to be given to freedmen in 40-acre parcels
The election of 1864
Turned in Lincoln’s favor only after the fall of Atlanta
First Bull RUn
FIrst major battle of war in the east
Shiloh
Bloodiest two day battle
Forts Henry and Donelson
Union victories on Confederate strongholds on rivers in Tennessee
Petersburg
In Virginia, Union laid siege for almost one year form 1864 yo 1865
Gettysburg
Bloodiest three day battle
Vicksburg
Its capture gave the Union control of the Mississippi River
Peninsula Campaign
Failed attempt to take Richmond by McClellan
Antietam
Bloodiest one day battle
Wilderness
12,000 Union dead in first encounter of Lee and Grant
Fort Sumter
First Confederate attack on Union fort
Fugitive Slave Act
Runaway slaves in the North could be captured and sent back
Compromise of 1850
Bring about more order and settle disputes between the North and SOuth Five total acts
Lecompton Constitution
Trying to persuade the federal government to allow Kansas in as a pro-slavery state
Bleeding Kansas
When it was decided that Kansas would have a vote on whether pro slavery or not, people flooded in. Battles and fighting
US Sanitary Commission
Found in order to improve living standards within the army and at home
Morrill Tariff Act
Increase tariff amount on all products in the North. Increased funding for war
Shiloh
bloodiest two day battle and an Union victory
Peninsular Campaign
Laid siege in Virginia with heavy casualties and an union loss
Copperheads
Democratic peace fighers. Named after the snakes. They did not want war
New York City Draft Riots
After drafts were introduced in the North. Rich men were allowed to pay in order to leave the army.
