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biology final exam > chapter 15 > Flashcards

chapter 15 Flashcards

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AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Multi-celled heterotrophs that ingest food and move about

A

animals

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2
Q

colonial theory of animal origins

A

animals evolved from colonial protist

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3
Q

invertebrate

A

no back bone

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4
Q

vertbrate

A

with back bone

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5
Q

bilateral symmetry

A

having right and left halves with similar parts, and a front and back that differ

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6
Q

having parts arranged around a central axis, like spokes around a wheel

A

radial symmetry

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7
Q

a body cavity completely lined by tissue derived from mesoderm

A

coelom

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8
Q

complete digestive tract

A

tubular gut

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9
Q

gastrovascular cavity

A

sac-like gut

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10
Q

tissue

A

one or more cells organized in a specific pattern and that carry out a particular task

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11
Q

aquatic animals with hollow, asymmetrical body

A

Sponges

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12
Q

aquatic, radially symmetrical animals with stinging tentacles

A

Cnidarians

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13
Q

hermaphrodite

A

an individual that produces both eggs and sperm

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14
Q

larva

A

free living, sexually immature form in an animal life cycle

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15
Q

like a sea anemone, is tubular, and one end usually attaches to a surface

A

polyp

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16
Q

flat bodied and do not have a body cavity

A

flat worms

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17
Q

segmented worms with a coelom, a complete digestive system and a closed circulatory system

A

annelids

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18
Q

has a small coelom and a soft, unsegmented body

A

mullusk

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19
Q

bivalve

A

mollusk with a hinged two-part shell

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20
Q

predatory mollusk with a closed circulatory system; moves about by jet propulsion

A

cephalopod

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21
Q

radula

A

tonguelike organ of many mollusk

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22
Q

of some arthropods, sensory structure on the head that detects touch and odors

A

antenna

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23
Q

invertebrate with jointed legs and a hardened exoskeleton that is periodically molted

A

arthropod

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24
Q

compound eye

A

eye that consist of many individual units, each with its own lens

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25
Q

exoskelton

A

external skeleton

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26
Q

metamorphosis

A

dramatic remodeling of body form during the transition from larva to adult

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27
Q

unsegmented worm with a pseudocoelom and a cuticle that is molted as the animal grows

A

roundworm

28
Q

land-dwelling arthropods with four pairs of walking legs and no antennae

A

arachnids

29
Q

mostly marine arthropods with two pairs of antennae

A

crustaceans

30
Q

land-dwelling arthopods with a pair of antennae. three pairs of legs and –in the most diverse groups– wings

A

insects

31
Q

animal phylum characterized by a notochord, dorsal nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits, and a tail that extends beyond the anum

A

chordates

32
Q

invertebrate chordates that have a fishlike shape and retain their defining chordate traits into adult hood

A

lancelets

33
Q

stiff rod of connective tissue that runs the length of the body in chordate larvae or embryos

A

notochord

34
Q

invertebrate chordates that loose their defining chordate traits during the transition to adulthood

A

tunicates

35
Q

of echinoderms, a system of fluid-filled tubes and tube feet that function in locomotion

A

water-vascular system

36
Q

cartilaginous fish

A

fish that has jaws, paired fins and a skeleton made of cartilage

37
Q

aquatic vertebrate of the oldest and most diverse vertebrate group

A

fish

38
Q

fish that has a skeleton of cartilage, but no jaws or paired fins

A

jawless fish

39
Q

Kidney

A

Organ of the vertebrate urinary system that filters blood adjust it’s composition

40
Q

Saclike organ inside which blood exchanges gases with the air

A

Lung

41
Q

Hard, flattened elements that covered the skin of reptiles and some fishes

A

Scales

42
Q

Vertebral column

A

Backbone

43
Q

A tetrapod with a three chambered heart and scaleless skin that typically develops in water, then lives on land as a carnivore with lungs

A

Amphibian

44
Q

A jawed fish with a skeleton composed mainly of bone

A

Bony fish

45
Q

Of some invertebrates, body opening that releases urinary and digestive waste, and functions in reproduction

A

Cloaca

46
Q

Lobe finned fish

A

Bony fish with bony support in it’s fins

47
Q

Ray finned fish

A

Bony fish with its fins supported by thin rays derived from skin

48
Q

Vertebrate that produces aminote eggs

A

Aminote

49
Q

Eggs with four membranes that allow an embryo to develop away from water

A

Aminote egg

50
Q

Bird

A

Modern aminote with feathers

51
Q

Ectoderm

A

Animal that gains heat from the environment commonly called cold blooded

52
Q

Endoderm

A

Animal that produces it’s own heat commonly called warm blooded

53
Q

Aminote subgroup that includes lizards snakes turtles and birds

A

Reptile

54
Q

Mammal

A

Vertebrate that nourishes it’s young with milk from mammary glands

55
Q

Marsupial

A

Mammal in which young are complete development in a pouch on the mothers body

56
Q

Monotremes

A

Egg laying mammal

57
Q

Mammal in which young are nourished within the mothers body by way of placenta

A

Placental mammal

58
Q

Mammalian group with grasping hands includes lemur tarsiers monkeys apes and humans

A

Primate

59
Q

Anthropoids

A

Monkeys apes and humans

60
Q

Informal name for a lineage of chimpanzee-sized hominins that lived in Africa between 4 million and 1.2 million years ago

A

Australopiths

61
Q

Bipedalism

A

Habitually walking upright

62
Q

Hominin

A

Human and extinct human like species

63
Q

Homo erectus

A

Human species that dispersed out of Africa

64
Q

Earliest names human species

A

Homo habilis

65
Q

Members of the genus HOMO

A

humans

66
Q

Homo neanderthalenis

A

Neanderthals

Closest extinct relatives of modern humans. Large brain and stocky body

67
Q

Modern humans

Evolved in Africa then expanded their range worldwide

A

Homo sapiens

biology final exam (4 decks)

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