Chapter 15 Flashcards
airborne precautions
methods of infection control that mist be used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei.
antisepsis
aspetic control that inhibits, retards growth of, or kills pathogenic organisms; not effective against spores and viruses.
asepsis
being free from infection
bacteria
one-celled microorganisms, some of which are beneficial and some of which cause disease.
bioterroism
the use of biological agents, such as pathogens, for terrorist purposes.
chain of infection
factors that lead to the transmission or spread of disease.
communicable disease
disease that is transmitted from one individual to another.
contact precautions
methods of infection control that mist be used for patients known or suspected to be infected with epidemiological microorganisms that can be transmitted by either direct or indirect contact.
contaminated
containing infection or infectious, organisms or germs.
disinfection
aseptic-control method that destroys pathogens but does not usually kill spores and viruses.
droplet precautions
methods of infection control that must be used for patients known or suspected to be infected with pathogens transmitted by large particle droplets expelled during coughing, sneezing, talking, or laughing.
endogenous
infection or disease originating within the body.
epidemic
an infectious disease that affects a large number of people within a population, community, or a region at the same time.
exogenous
infection or disease originating outside of or external to the body.
fomites
any substance or object that adheres to and transmits infectious material.
fungi
group of simple, plantlike animals that live on dead organic matter.
infectious agent
a pathogen, such as bacterium or virus that can cause a disease.
mode of transmission
a way that the infectious agent can be transmitted to another reservoir or host where it can live.
pandemic
an infectious disease that affects many people over a wide geographic area; a worldwide epidemic
personal protective equipment
protective barriers such as a mask, gown, gloves, and protective eye wear that help protect a person from contract with infectious
protective isolation
technique sued to provide care the patients requiring protection from organisms in the environment
standard precautions
recommendations that must be followed to prevent transmission of pathogenic organisms by way of blood and body fluids.
sterile
free of all organisms, including spores and viruses.
transmission based precautions
methods of techniques of caring for patients who have communicable diseases.
viruses
one of a large group of very small microorganisms, many of which cause disease.
