Chapter 15

Question 1

Spermatogenesis

Answer 1

A process of sperm production that takes place in the seminiferous tubules.

Question 2

Oogenesis

Answer 2

Process of secondary oocyte or female gamete production.

Question 3

Where spermatogenesis take place?

Answer 3

Testis

Question 4

Where oogenesis take place?

Answer 4

Ovary

Question 5

What hormones are produced by pituitary gland?

Answer 5

FSH and LH

Question 6

What hormones are produced by ovary?

Answer 6

Oestrogen and Progesterone

Question 7

Function of FSH

Answer 7

-stimulate follicle growth in ovary
-stimulate release of oestrogen

Question 8

Function of LH

Answer 8

-stimulate ovulation
-formation of corpus luteum
-stimulate release of progesterone

Question 9

Function of oestrogen

Answer 9

-Repairs and stimulate thickening of endometrium
-Stimulate follicle growth until mature

Question 10

Function of progesterone

Answer 10

-Stops the release of FSH and LH to prevent follicle growth and ovulation
-stimulate thickening of endometrium,rich in blood vessel and thick for embryo implantation

Question 11

Hormone produced by placenta during pregnancy?

Answer 11

HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin)

Question 12

Umbilical vein

Answer 12

-carries blood rich in oxygen and nutrients
-from placenta to the foetus

Question 13

Umbilical arteries

Answer 13

-carry deoxygenated blood and nitrogenous waste
-from foetus to placenta

Question 14

Deoxygenated blood rich in?

Answer 14

Carbon dioxide

Question 15

Nitrogenous waste example?

Answer 15

Urea

Question 16

Difference between identical twins and fraternal twins (placenta)

Answer 16

Identical-one placenta shared by two foetus
Fraternal-each foetus has own placenta

Question 17

How are identical twins formed?

Answer 17

-Product of fertilisation of one ovum and one sperm forming one zygote
-Zygote then divides into 2

Question 18

How are fraternal twins formed?

Answer 18

-Product of fertilisation of two sperms and two ova forming 2 zygote
-Embryo does not divide

Question 19

Causes of male impotency

Answer 19

-hormonal imbalance
-low sperm count
-erectile dysfunction

Question 20

Causes of female impotency

Answer 20

-hormonal imbalance
-ovaries do not produce secondary oocyte
-blocked fallopian tubes

Question 21

Meaning of growth in organisms ?

Answer 21

An irreversible, permanent process that involves the increase in the number of cells , size , volume and weight of the organisms’s body.

Question 22

Dry weight ?

Answer 22

-weight of an organism after all the fluid in the body is removed

Question 23

Fresh weight ?

Answer 23

-can be taken whenever and organisms do not need to be killed

Question 24

What the two types of growth insects go through ?

Answer 24

-complete metamorphosis
-incomplete metamorphosis

Question 25

How frequently does ecdysis occur ?

Answer 25

-occurs multiple times until the insect reaches adulthood

Question 26

Meaning of ecdysis ?

Answer 26

The moulting process of the exoskeleton that allows growth and development of insects.

Question 27

Exoskeleton are made up of…..

Answer 27

chitin

Question 28

How does ecdysis happen ?

Answer 28

-a new exoskeleton forms underneath old exoskeleton
-before new exoskeleton hardens, insect will increase its volume by sucking air to expand its body
-this action breaks the old exoskeleton and the insect with new exoskeleton will emerge
-insect will expand its body again before new exoskeleton hardens

Question 29

Growth phases in sigmoid growth curves of humans and animals ?

Answer 29

-lag phase
-exponential phase
-stationary phase
-maturation phase
-senescence phase
-death phase

Question 30

Spermatogonium (diploid) produces……

Answer 30

Four sperms (haploid) after meiosis

Question 31

Oogonium (diploid) produces……

Answer 31

-One functional secondary oocyte (haploid)
-Three non-functioning polar bodies
-After meiosis