Chapter 15 Flashcards
Mental Disorder
Persistent disturbance in behaviour, thought or emotion that causes significant distress
Abnormal psychological experiences conceptualized as illness that are affected by :
Biological and environmental causes,defined symptoms and possible cures
Medical Model
Objectively observed indicators of a disorder
Signs
Symptoms
Subjectively reported behaviours, thoughts and emotions
DSM
Classification system that describes the features used to diagnosed each recognized mental disorder
DSM III and DSM IV
Moved from vague disorder descriptions to a detailed lsit of over 200 disorders
Individual having more than one mental disorder
Comorbidity
Explains mental disorders as a result of interactions among biological and psychological
Biopsychosocial Perspective Model
Medical Model of Mental Disorder
Suggests knowing a persons diagnosis is useful because any given category of mental illness is likely to have a specific cause
Diathesis- Stress model
Suggests a person may be pre-disposed for a mental disorder that remains unexpressed until triggered by stress
Research Domain Criteria Project
New initiative that aims to guide the classification and understanding of mental disorders by revealing the basic processes that give rise to them
The WHO (World Mental Health) Surveys…
Assess the presence of mental disorders in nearly two dozen countries worldwide
Researchers study causes of abnormal functioning on:
biological, psychological and social processes
Biological Factors include
genes,cells, brain circuits
Psychological processes include
learning, attention and memory
_____ likely attached to labelling people with psychological disorders
Stigmas
Roughly ___% of people suffering with psychological disorders do not seek treatment
60
Class of mental disoder where anxiety is the predominant feature
Anxiety Disorder
The DSM 5 recognizes the following as an anxiety disorder:
phobic, panic, and generalized anxiety disorder
Phobic Disorders
Characterized by persistent, and excessive fear of specific objects, activities or situations
Disorder that involves an irrational fear of a particular object or situation that interferes with an individuals ability to function (ex, phobia of needles)
Specific Phobia
Disorder that involves an irrational fear of being publicly humiliated or embarrased
Social Phobia
Agoraphobia
Fear of leaving their house, not being able to escape
Idea that people are predisposed towards certain fears and who was this predisposed by?
Prepardness Theory: Martin Seligman
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder
Disorder where repetitive, intrusive obsessive thoughts interfere with an individuals functioning, moderate heritability
Disorder characterized by :chronic physiological arousal, recurrent unwanted thoughts or images of the trauma
Post Traumatic Stress Disorder
Around 1 in ___ Canadian Soldiers returning from Afghanistan will have__
20; PTSD
Brain Imaging Techniques
Identify hightened amygdala activity and smaller hippocampus