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Chapter 15 Scalp Care, Shampooing and Conditioning > Chapter 15 > Flashcards

Chapter 15 Flashcards

1
Q

One of the most important experiences that a stylist provides is a _______.

A

Shampoo

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2
Q

Often called simply “the shampoo”, this first step of the service actually encompasses three different processes: scalp care and massage, shampooing, and _______.

A

Conditioning

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3
Q

What are the two basic requirements for maintaining a healthy scalp?

A

Cleanliness and stimulation

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4
Q

When are scalp treatments performed?

A

Before or during the shampoo

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5
Q

_______ is contraindicated, or not recommended, for clients with severe, uncontrolled hypertension.

A

Massage

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6
Q

What factor differs between a relaxation scalp massage and a treatment scalp massage?

A

the products that are used

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7
Q

A stylist should recommend a hair or scalp treatment only after having performed a(n) _______.

A

hair and scalp examination

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8
Q

During a dry hair and scalp treatment, a _______, which resembles a hooded dryer, can be used to help resolve the moisture balance in the hair.

A

scalp steamer

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9
Q

Modern antidandruff shampoos, conditioners, and topical lotions contain anti-fungal agents that control dandruff by suppressing the growth of a fungus called _______.

A

malessezia

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10
Q

Brushing, massaging, or shampooing the scalp is not recommended if the scalp is irritated, prior to a chemical or haircolor service, or before/after a _______ service.

A

highlighting

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11
Q

Brushes with _______ bristles have many tiny overlapping layers or scales, which clean and add luster to the hair.

A

natural

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12
Q

If you encounter a client with any open wounds, reddened scalp irritations, abnormal scalp flaking, or infectious disease, discontinue the service(s) and refer them immediately and tactfully to a(n) _______.

A

physician

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13
Q

To be effective, a shampoo must remove all dirt, oils, cosmetics, and skin debris without _______.

A

adversely affecting the scalp or hair

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14
Q

Hair should be shampooed _______.

A

as often as necessary

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15
Q

Maintaining good _______ while shampooing will prevent unnecessary muscle aches, back strain, and fatigue.

A

posture

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16
Q

Hair that has been lightened, colored, permed, chemically relaxed, or processed with a keratin straightener is called _______.

A

chemically treated

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17
Q

Products are classified as either an alkaline solution or an acidic solution by measuring the amount of _______ in the solution.

A

hydrogen

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18
Q

What type of shampoo can leave the hair dry, brittle, porous, and causes fading in colored treated hair?

A

High-pH shampoo

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19
Q

Water is the most abundant and important element on Earth and is classified as a(n) _______.

A

universal solvent

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20
Q

Fresh water from lakes and streams is purified by _______, in which matter is allowed to sink to the bottom of the collecting reservoir.

A

sedimentation

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21
Q

What is a treatment that passes water through a porous substance, such as charcoal or a filter, for purification purposes?

A

Filtration

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22
Q

What chemical is added to fresh water before it enters the public water pipelines for the purpose of providing additional water purification by killing common bacteria?

A

Chlorine

23
Q

What water purification process is used in the manufacture of cosmetics, in which water is heated until it becomes a vapor, then collected as a liquid?

A

Distillation

24
Q

It is important for the stylist to determine if the local water supply to the salon is _______ because it may affect the outcome of the clients’ chemical services.

A

soft or hard

25
Q

The main ingredient in most shampoos is _______.

A

water

26
Q

_______ water has had impurities, such as calcium, magnesium, and other metal ions, removed.

A

Deionized

27
Q

Ingredients in shampoos, as well as all other manufactured products, are listed on the packaging according to the percentages of each ingredient or in _______.

A

descending order (greatest listed first)

28
Q

The second ingredient listed in most shampoos is the _______, or base detergent, which contains the surface active cleaning agents.

A

primary surfactant

29
Q

What term describes the water-attracting head of a surfactant molecule?

A

hydrophilic

30
Q

The lipophilic tail of a surfactant molecule is considered to be _______.

A

oil-attracting

31
Q

What are the shampoos that help close the hair cuticle and are balanced to the pH of skin and hair by the addition of citric, lactic, or phosphoric acid?

A

pH-balanced shampoos

32
Q

_______ shampoo, also known as moisturizing shampoo, is designed to make the hair appear smooth and shiny and to improve the manageability of the hair.

A

conditioning

33
Q

What are two conditioning agents that help restore moisture and elasticity to the hair shaft?

A

Protein and biotin

34
Q

Products that do not remove artificial color from the hair are considered to be _______.

A

nonstripping

35
Q

_______ shampoos contain special chemicals or drugs that are effective in reducing dandruff or relieving other scalp conditions, and may sometimes be prescribed by a physician.

A

Medicated

36
Q

Which type of shampoo, containing an active chelating agent, should be used when a buildup on the hair is evident and prior to all chemical services?

A

Clarifying shampoo

37
Q

What type of shampoo washes away excess oiliness while preventing the hair from drying out?

A

Balancing

38
Q

What type of shampoo, also known as powder shampoo, cleanses the hair without the use of soap and water?

A

Dry

39
Q

_______ shampoos, sometimes called soap-free shampoos, are formulated with little to no alkaline soap base, are compatible with hair and soft water sources, and are known to be sensitive to artificial hair color.

A

Sulfate-free

40
Q

A _______ shampoo is designed to re-balance the pH level of your hair by neutralizing any alkali and unwanted residues in the hair.

A

neutralizing

41
Q

Shampoos that are created by combining the surfactant base with basic color pigments are called _______.

A

color-enhancing shampoos

42
Q

What type of shampoo is manufactured with artificial protein molecules added to the base to cling to the natural protein in the hair and give it extra strength?

A

keratin

43
Q

What special chemical agents are applied to the hair to deposit protein or moisturizer to help restore the hair’s strength, infuse moisture, give hair body, and protect hair against possible breakage?

A

Conditioners

44
Q

What substances absorb moisture or promote the retention of moisture in the hair?

A

Humectants

45
Q

_______ conditioners are products designed to penetrate the cortex and reinforce the hair shaft from within while temporarily reconstructing the hair?

A

Protein

46
Q

Which type of conditioning agent is used after a scalp treatment and before styling to remove oil accumulation from the scalp?

A

Scalp astringent lotions

47
Q

_______, also known as hair masks or conditioning packs, are chemical mixtures of concentrated proteins and intensive moisturizers.

A

Deep-conditioning treatments

48
Q

A _______ draping is also known as a wet draping.

A

shampoo

49
Q

A _______ strip is less bulky than terry cloth towels and will allow a natural fall to the hair for more precision while cutting.

A

neck

50
Q

When securing a cape as draping for a basic shampoo, do not let the cape touch the _______.

A

client’s skin

51
Q

Do not massage or manipulate a client’s scalp if you detect the presence of _______.

A

abrasions

52
Q

During the shampoo procedure, apply small quantities of shampoo to the hair beginning at the _______.

A

hairline

53
Q

When manipulating the scalp during a shampoo, begin at the front hairline and work in a(n) _______.

A

back-and-forth movement

Chapter 15 Scalp Care, Shampooing and Conditioning (1 decks)

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