Chapter 14 Thermal Physics Flashcards
What is a triple point?
This is a specific temperature and pressure where a substance can be a solid or a liquid or a gas and exist in a thermal equilibrium. For water this means that the ice doesn’t melt, the water vapour doesn’t condense
What happens if a hot object is placed next to a cold object?
The net flow of heat is from the hot object to the colder object.
What is thermal equilibrium?
This is when there is no net flow of thermal energy between them so all the objects must be at the same temperature
How is a scale of temperature created?
Two points are defined and then the temperature of other objects can be positioned on this scale
What is the absolute temperature scale?
This is a scale where the two defined points are the triple point of water and the lowest possible temperature (absolute 0).
What is the SI unit for Absolute temperature?
Kelvin (K)
What is an increase of 1*K in Celsius?
Increase of 1*C
What is 0*C in kelvin?
273*K
What is the density of ice vs water?
Ice is less dense than water. This is very uniquie
What happens to atoms/molecules in a solid?
They pack together tightly because of strong electrostatic forces. All the atoms / molecules stay together in a fixed formation
What happens to the atoms/molecules in a liquid?
They are still close together but they can move further apart and can change position
What happens to the atoms/molecules in a gas?
The atoms / molecules are free to move apart and there is almost no forces of attraction between them. They move randomely
What does the spacing of molecules in a substance at different physical phases affect?
It affects the density
Why is water less dense as a solid?
Because it forms a regular crystalline structure
What is the density of a solid vs liquid (usually)?
Solids are far more dense