Chapter 14 Section 3 Flashcards
Im order to have military numbers required to win the war, countries imposed universal military conscription. What is that?
The draft
What is total war?
Channeling of nation’s entire resources into the war effort
What did governments do to pay the costs of war?
Raised taxes and borrowed money
Define ration.
A
At the beginning of the war, Britain’s navy formed a _______ to keep ships from carrying supplies in and out of Germany.
Blockade
International law allowed wartime blockades to confiscate CONTRABAND. What is that?
Military supplies and raw materials needed
How did Germany respond to the blockade?
They used U-boats to create its own blockade
What was the Lusitania and what happened to it?
A British liner, it was hit by a torpedo and many passengers were killed.
Government in every country began to censor the press and anything else it could. What was the purpose of this censorship?
To keep discouraging news from reaching the public.
Both sides if the war began using propaganda. What is this?
The spreading of ideas to promote a cause or to damage an opposing cause
Propaganda was used to send positive messages regarding the war. Name two.
- To motivate military mobilization
2. Urge civilians to loan money to the government
Propaganda was also used to spread negative messages, or atrocities. What is an example of one and were they always true? Explain.
The brutality of Germany’s invasion of Belgium; many were exaggerated or made up
Women were crucial to the war effort in every country. What roles did women take during WWI?
They took over men’s jobs and kept economies going
What happened to women after the war ended?
They had to give up jobs; gave women a sense of pride
Morale was collapsing by 1917. Why?
Germany was sending 15 year old recruits to the front
In 1917, the Russian Revolution began to overthrow their monarchy. V.I. Lenin led the revolution and set up a new government in Russia. He signed the treaty of Brest-Litvosk. What did this treaty do?
Ended Russians participation in the war
What impact did the Treaty of Brest-Litvosk have on the war?
It led Germany to focus its forces on the western front
Shortly after the Russians left the war, the United States joined the Allies. Three reasons:
- US shaped a cultural history and language with Britain
- Germany resumed unrestricted submarines warfare
- Germany offered to help Mexico regain lost land in the US
Who was Arthur Zimmerman?
German foreign minister
What was the Zimmerman note and what effect did it have on the war?
Germany offered Mexico land in the US in return for Mexico’s support
Who was the president of the United States?
Wilson
What were Wilson’s 14 points?
A list of his terms of resolving this and future wars
What was self-determination?
The right for people to chose their own form of government
What happened to the German kaiser William II?
He stepped down and pleaded to the Netherlands
