Chapter 14 Section 1-2 Flashcards
What were protestants called?
Calvinist Huguenots
What treaty ended the French civil war of religion?
the Edict of Nantes
What did the Edict of Nantes do?
established Catholicism as official religion of France and granted freedom of religion and political rights to protestant Huguenots
Who was King Philip II?
He ruled Spain during the Spanish Golden Age and was a Militant Catholic
What sparked the beginning of the English Golden Age?
Elizabeth Tudor ascending to the throne of England becoming Queen Elizabeth
What happened in 1588?
Philip II sent Spanish armada to try and invade England but were eventually defeated. This defeat ended the Spanish Golden Age
Economic and social problems were caused by?
Inflation and growth of population
What was inflation caused by?
the flood of gold and silver from the Americas
Who were mostly accused of witchcraft?
the poor, people without property, and women who were either single or widowed and over the age of 50
The Thirty Years War was ended by what treaty?
The Peace of Westphalia
The Peace of Westphalia treaty did what?
recognized Calvinism, gave all German states the right to choose religion, and ended the HRE
When Queen Elizabeth died, who rose to the throne?
The Stuart family
Who was the first Stuart to become king?
James I
What did James I believe in?
Divine Rights of Kings
How did the Petition of Rights limit the kings power?
Guaranteed citizens a right to trial, no martial law, no sheltering of troops, and no taxation without parliament consent
What did Charles I do about the Petition of Rights?
He rejected it
What were the supporters of the king called?
Cavaliers
What were the supporters of the parliament called?
Roundheads or the New Model Army
Who led the parliamentary forces?
Oliver Cromwell
What ended the Divine Right of Kings?
the king getting arrested, tried, and beheaded
England was proclaimed a commonwealth but why didn’t this work?
Because Cromwell quickly disbanded the parliament and established himself as a military dictator
What was it called when monarchy was brought back?
Restoration
Who was chosen as king after Cromwell?
Charles II and, after, his brother James II
What was the Glorious Revolution?
English nobles invited William of Orange and wife Mary(James II daughter) to invade England and take over throne. William agreed and invaded. James II fled with wife and son. Event known as Glorious Revolution because of the lack of bloodshed.
What did William and Mary have to do to become king and queen?
sign the English Bill of Rights
