Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

General Biology 1 and 2 > chapter 14 part 1 > Flashcards

chapter 14 part 1 Flashcards

mendel and gene

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
AP® Biology flashcards Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Who is gregor mendel

A

He laid out the groundwork for the chromosome theory of inheritance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

How did gregor mendel lay ground work the chromosome theory of inheritance

A

he tested it through a series of experiments on garden peas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Who proposed the chromosome theory of inheritance

A

Sutton adn Bovery

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What are the 3 characteristics of the chromosome theory of inheristance

A

genes are transmitted from 1 gene to the next, inheritance is linked (meiosis), genes are located on chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

chromosome theory of inheristance

How is genetic info transmitted

A

from one gen to the next

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

chromosome theory of inheristance

to what is inheritance linked

A

meiosis

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

chromosome theory of inheristance

where are genes located

A

chromosomes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is genetics

A

study of inheritance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what is heredity

A

transmission of traits from parents to offspring

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Trait

A

any characteristic of an individiual

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What were the who hypothesis formed of inheritance

A

1) Blending Inheritance
2) Inheritance of acquired traits

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is Blending inheritance

A

traits from parents will blend so the kids will have mixed (intermediate) traits

white black = grey

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is inheritance of acquired characteristics

A

Traits of parents will be modified and then passed on

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Why did Mendel choose peas for his experiment

A
  1. Peas were inexpensive
  2. short generation time
  3. make large number of seeds
  4. u can easily manipulate
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What kind of traits do peas have

A

Polymorphic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are polymorphic traits

A

traits that appear in two or more different forms

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

How do peas fertilize

A

Self fertilization

18
Q

What did the male organs of peas produce

A

pollen grains

19
Q

what did the female organs of peas produce

A

eggs

20
Q

What is the process that peas self fertlize with

A

flower pollen falls on femal organ of same flower

21
Q

How did Mendel prevent self fertlization for his experiment with peas

A

he remove male organs from the flower, then used the pollen from another flower

CROSS FErTILIZATION

22
Q

What is cross fertilization

A

How mendel seperated pea organs and used diff flowers to fertilize

23
Q

What Traits did Mendel Study

A
  1. Seed shape
  2. seed color
  3. pod shape
  4. pod color
  5. flower color
  6. flower and pod position
  7. stem length
24
Q

Phenotype

A

observal traits

25
Q

How many traits did the pea population have

A

Two distinct traits

26
Q

What is the lineage called when Parents Produce offspring Identintical to themselve

A

True breeding lines

27
Q

True breeding lines

A

offspring identical to parents

28
Q

what did Mendel produce with true breeding line plants

A

Hybrids

He mated two different pure lines that differed in one or more traits

29
Q

Autosomal inheritance

A

Patterns of genes not on a sex chromosome. Standard patterns of inheritance

mendel studied ONLY autosomal patterns of inheritance

30
Q

Genes

A

A hereditary factor that influces a particular trait

The word gene has many meanings.

What scientist usually used but then it was rivised and expanded

31
Q

Allele

A

Particular form of gene

2 alleles of a diploid cell may be same or different

32
Q

Genotype

A

Listing of the alleles of particular genes in an individual

genotype lists two alleles of each gene.

in haploids genotype lists one allele of each gene

33
Q

Homozygous

A

having two of the same allele

34
Q

Heterozygous

A

Having two different alleles

35
Q

Dominant Allele

A

Phenotype experessed in heterozygous and homzygous

just cuz expressed doesnt mean high frequency or high fitness

36
Q

Recessive

A

produces its phenotype in only HOMOZYGOUS

pure line individuals

37
Q

Hybrid

A

cross breed

they are heterozygous

38
Q

Reciprocal cross

A

a cross in which the phenotyples of the male and female are reversed compared with a prior cross
mendel used this to determine gender
mothers phenotype in first cross is fathers phenotype in second cross,
phathers phenotype in first cross is mothers phenotype in second cross
results identical

sex of parent has no inflence on trait if gives identical results

ie take turns

39
Q

Test cross

A

a cross of hymogyous recessive allele and another with dominot phenotype individual w unknown genotype

used to determine if the parent of the unknown genotype individual is homozygous or heterozygous

40
Q

X linked

A

gene on x chromosome

41
Q

Y linked

A

gene on y chromosome, determines male

General Biology 1 and 2 (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions