Chapter 14 Mixtures and Solutions

Question 1

a type of heterogeneous mixture containing particles that settle out over time and can be separtated from the mixture by filtration

Answer 1

suspension

Question 2

a heterogeneous mixture of intermedeiate-sized particles (not all the way dissolved)

Answer 2

colloid

Question 3

the erratic, random movements of colloid particles that results from collisions of particles of the dispersion medium with the dispersed particles

Answer 3

Brownian motion

Question 4

the sacttering of light by colloidal particles (ex. headlights going through fog)

Answer 4

Tyndall effect

Question 5

describes a substance that can be dissolved in a given solvent

Answer 5

soluble

Question 6

two liquids that are soluble in each other in any proportion

Answer 6

miscible

Question 7

a substance that does not dissolve in a given solvent

Answer 7

insoluble

Question 8

describes two liquids that can be mixed together but separate shortly after you’re done mixing them

Answer 8

immiscible

Question 9

a measure of how much solute is dissolved in a specific amount of solvent or solution

Answer 9

concentration

Question 10

the number of moles of solute dissolved per liter of a solution; also known as molar concentration

Answer 10

molarity (M)

Question 11

the ratio of the # of moles of solute dissolved in one kilogram of solvent; also known as molal concentration

Answer 11

molality (m)

Question 12

the ratio of the number of moles of solute or solvent in solution to the total number of moles of solute and solvent

Answer 12

mole fraction

Question 13

the process of surrounding solute particles wit solvent particles to form a solution; occurs only where and when the solute/solvent particles come in contact with each other

Answer 13

solvation

Question 14

the overall energy change that occurs during the solution formation process

Answer 14

heat of solution

Question 15

contains less dissolved solute for a given temperature and pressure than a saturated solution; has further capacity to hold more dissolved solute

Answer 15

unsaturated solution

Question 16

contains the maximum amount of dissolved solute for a given amount of solvent at a specific temperature and pressure

Answer 16

saturated solution

Question 17

contains more dissolved solute than a saturated solution at the same temperature

Answer 17

supersaturated solution

Question 18

states that @ a given temp, the solubility (S) of a gas in a liquid is directly proportional to the pressure (P) of the gas above the liquid; equation–> S1/P1=S2/P2

Answer 18

Henry’s law

Question 19

a physical property of a solution that depends on the number of particles but not the type/identity of the dissolved solute particles

Answer 19

colligative property

Question 20

the temperature difference between a solution’s boiling point and a pure solvent’s boiling point

Answer 20

boiling point elevation

Question 21

the difference in temperature between a solution’s feezing point and the freezing point of its pure solvent

Answer 21

freezing point depression

Question 22

the equation for molarity

Answer 22

(M)= # moles solute/L of solution

Question 23

the equation for molality

Answer 23

(m)= # moles solute/1 kg of solvent