Chapter 14- DNA Replication

Question 1

Theta Mode Replication deals with what type of organisms?

Answer 1

Prokaryotes/ prokaryotic

Question 2

Theta Mode Replication (Prokaryotic)

The Origin of Replication begins where?

Answer 2

At the middle/ top of the strand (picture)

Question 3

Theta Mode Replication (Prokaryotic)

Origin of Replication is rich in what?

Answer 3

AT

Question 4

Sigma Mode Replication (Viral, Prokaryotic)

1. Strand becomes nicked
   Then…?

Answer 4

Becomes displaced and unrolls from the 5’ end

Question 5

Sigma Mode Replication
(Viral, Prokaryotic)

Synthesizes from which prime to whIch prime?

Answer 5

5’-3’

Question 6

Linear Chromosome Replication (Eukaryotic):

Multiple or single Replication origins? (AT rich regions)

Answer 6

MULTIPLE

Question 7

Linear Chromosome Replication (Eukaryotic):

Are the Replication forks bidirectional or unidirectional?

Answer 7

Bidirectional (they go two ways)

Question 8

DNA Replication Enzymes:
DNA polymerase 1, 2, and 3 (E. coli):

Synthesize new strand…
5-3 OR 3-5?

Answer 8

5’-3’

Question 9

DNA Replication Enzymes:
DNA polymerase 1, 2, and 3 (E. coli):

Reads template 3-5 OR 5-3?

Answer 9

3’-5’

Question 10

DNA Replication Enzymes:
DNA polymerase 1, 2, and 3 (E. coli):

How many bps for eukaryotic?

Answer 10

100 bps

Question 11

DNA Replication Enzymes:
DNA polymerase 1, 2, and 3 (E. coli):

How many bps for Prokaryotic?

Answer 11

1000 bps

Question 12

DNA Replication Enzymes:
DNA polymerase 1, 2, and 3 (E. coli):

What proof reads?

Answer 12

Exonuclease activity

Question 13

DNA Replication Enzymes

DNA polymerase 3 holoenzyme includes what?

Answer 13

DNA polymerase 3
Copolymerase 3
Other accessory proteins (as slide indicates)

Question 14

DNA Replication Enzymes

Other Accessory Proteins
Single- stranded DNA-binding proteins OR

Answer 14

SSB’s

Question 15

DNA Replication Enzymes

Other Accessory Proteins:
What do SSB’s do?

Answer 15

Prevent reannealing

Question 16

DNA Replication Enzymes

Other Accessory Proteins
Topoisomerases: what do they do? And what do they include?

Answer 16

Do: prevent supercoiling
Includes: DNA gyrase

Question 17

DNA Replication Enzymes

Other Accessory Proteins
Helicases- what do they do?

Answer 17

Melt short regions

Question 18

DNA Replication Enzymes

Other Accessory Proteins:

What does DNA ligase do?

Answer 18

Join gaps

Question 19

DNA Replication Mechanism

Unwinding- where does this occur?

Answer 19

At Replication fork

Question 20

DNA Replication Mechanism

Helicases unwind helix:
DNA B protein most prominent
Protein probably assists
Assisted by what?

Answer 20

Topoisomerases

Question 21

DNA Replication Mechanism

Helicases unwind helix:
SSB’s prevent what?

Answer 21

Tangles!!!

Question 22

Which template is the leading strand?

Answer 22

The 3’-5’ template

Question 23

Which template is the lagging strand?

Answer 23

The 5’-3’ template

Question 24

3’-5’ Template (Leading Strand)

Replisome=

Answer 24

Replicating enzyme complex

Question 25

3’-5’ Template (Leading Strand)

DNA polymerase 3 is what?

Answer 25

Continuous

Question 26

3’-5’ Template (Leading Strand)

Reads: 3’-5’
Synthesizes new strand:

Answer 26

5’-3’

Question 27

This has semiconservative Replication

Answer 27

The leading strand 3’-5’