Chapter 14: Acid-Base Equilibria Flashcards
arrhenius acid and base
-acid = dissociates to yield H3O+
-base= dissociates to yield OH-
bronsted lowry acid and base
-acid = proton donor
-base = proton acceptor
strong bases
-M2O or MOH, M= Group 1A metals
-MO or M(OH)2, M= Group 2A
-EXCEPT Mg
the rxn will favor…
the formation of the weaker acid and base
strength of acid/base and it conjugate is…
inversely related
[H3O+] > [OH-]
acidic
[H3O+] < [OH-]
basic
pH > 7
basic
pH < 7
acidic
basic solution
-high pH
-high [OH-]
acidic solution
-high pOH
-high [H3O+]
relationship between Ka and pKa
pKa = -logKa
-low pKa = high Ka
-low pKa = stronger acid
percent dissociated
([H+]/[HA]) x 100
cation of weak base and anion of strong acid
acidic salt
metal cation and anion of strong acid
acidic salt
anion of weak acid and cation of strong base
basic salt
anion of weak acid often function as
weak bases
cation of weak base and anion of weak acid
compare K values
EN increases
acidity increases
bond strength decreases
acidity increases
if proton is bonded directly to a halogen, look at…
bond strength (length of bond)
oxoacids with the same # of O atoms
compare EN (as EN increases, acidity increases)
oxoacids with different # of O atoms
strength of acid increases with # of O atoms
acidic oxides
non-metal
