Chapter 14 Flashcards
AFL-CIO
The American Federation of Labor and Congress of Industrial Organizations is the largest federation of unions in the United States. It is made up of fifty-five national and international unions, together representing more than 12 million active and retired workers.
The AFL-CIO and the National Day Laborer Organizing Network form a partnership to collaborate with local worker centers on immigration reform and other issues
American Anti-Slavery Society
an abolitionist society founded by William Lloyd Garrison and Arthur Tappan. Frederick Douglass, an escaped slave, was a key leader of this society who often spoke at its meetings.
The American Anti-Slavery Society was formally dissolved in 1870, after the Civil War and Emancipation.
American Federation of Labor
a national federation of labor unions in the United States founded in Columbus, Ohio, in December 1886 by an alliance of craft unions disaffected from the Knights of Labor, a national labor union
The American Federation of Labor’s president was Samuel Gompers
Christian Coalition
a nonprofit organization that serves as a powerful lobby for politically conservative causes
The Christian Coalition was created in 1989 by religious broadcaster and former presidential candidate Marion Gordon Robertson
civic virtue
the cultivation of habits important for the success of the community
Civic virtue helps people understand their ties to the community and their responsibilities within it
Collective Good
Organized interests formed by individuals drawn together by opportunities to promote a cause in which they believe but which does not provide them significant individual economic benefits
Collective Good is a good or service that cannot be denied to anyone who wishes to consume it
Disturbance theory
The theory that interest groups form in part to counteract the efforts of other groups
The Disturbance Theory affected groups in the early 1900s
economic interest group
that are organized primarily for economic reasons but that engage in political activity in order to seek favorable policies from government
Economic interest groups include organizations that represent big business, such as the U.S. Chamber of Commerce and the National Association of Manufacturers
free rider problem
The problem faced by interest groups when citizens can reap the benefits of interest group action without actually joining
The free rider program made it very difficult for other civilians to receive benefits.
Honest Leadership and Open Government Act of 2007
a law of the United States federal government that amended parts of the Lobbying Disclosure Act of 1995.
The HLOGA was created to strengthen public disclosure requirements
Interest Group
A collection of people who share a common interest or attitude and seek to influence government for specific ends
The start of Brett Kavanaugh’s tenure on the Supreme Court may look like a victory for one interest group or another.
Jerry Falwell
A Southern Baptist Minister who, in 1978, founded the conservative religious group the Moral Majority
Jerry Falwell won the majority of religious groups
lobbying
The activities of a group or organization that seek to persuade political leaders to support the group’s
position
he said that David was lobbying the council on behalf of the Forest Havens development
Lobbying Disclosure Act
A 1995 federal law that employed a strict definition of lobbyist and established strict reporting requirements on the activities of lobbyists
The Lobby Disclosure Act does not include those lobbyists whose activities constitute less than 20 percent of the time engaged in services
lobbyist
Interest group representative who seeks to influence legislation that will benefit his or her organizations or client through political and/or financial persuasion
A lobbyist usually has a conversation with the legislator’s position on the issue
Marian Wright Edelman
American activist for the rights of children. She has been an advocate for disadvantaged Americans for her entire professional life
Marian Wright Edelman supported children to the fullest to help the ones who was growing up unfairly
Moral Majority
A conservative religious interest group credited with helping to mobilize conservative Evangelical Christian voters from its founding in 1978 through the presidency of Ronald Reagan (1981-1989)
Yesterday was instead a victory for the decent, moral majority in Britain.
National Association of Manufacturers
An organization founded in 1895 by manufacturers to combat the growth of organized labor
The National Association of Manufacturers had employed more than 12 million men and women,
National Rifle Association
The major gun-rights lobbying group in the United States, which opposes gun control and advances an expansive interpretation of the Second Amendment
The National Rifle Association was founded in 1871
Pat Robertson
A southern Baptist minister and television evangelist who ran for president in 1988 and in 1989 founded the conservative religious interest group the Christian Coalition
Pat Robertson’s political platform included fiscal and moral conservatism.
patron
A person who finances a group or individual activity
He was the friend and patron of scholars, caused manuscripts to be copied and medieval poems to be collected.
pluralist
an advocate of a system in which two or more states, groups, principles, sources of authority
They are about educational standards and integration into a pluralist society.
Progressive Movement
A broad group of political and social activists from the 1890s to the 1920s who opposed corruption in government, supported regulation of monopolies, and sought improvement of socioeconomic conditions
The Progressive Movement encompassed a variety of different ideas and activities of reformist pressure groups.
political action committe (PAC)
Officially recognized Fund-raising organization that represents interest groups and is allowed by federal law to make contributions directly to candidates’
PACs can give $5,000 to a candidate committee per election campaigns
public interest group
work to benefit all, or at least most of society, these groups support causes that affect the lives of Americans in general
Public interest groups were in all levels of the governement
Social Capital
the networks of relationships among people who live and work in a particular society, enabling that society to function effectively.
The Social Capital is willing to help the people
The Grange
a fraternal organization in the United States that encourages families to band together to promote the economic and political well-being of the community and agriculture
The Grange grew up in the upper Mississippi Valley
trade association
an organization founded and funded by businesses that operate in a specific industry.
Trade associations help with companies to have a name.
transactions theory
A theory accounting for the actual cost of outsourcing production of products or services including transaction costs, contracting costs, coordination costs, and search costs. The inclusion of all costs are considered when making a decision and not just the market prices
The transaction theory stresses the importance of the economy in a company
U.S. Chamber of Commerce
the world’s largest not-for-profit federation of businesses, representing more than 3 million businesses and organizations in the United States
The USCC gained 3000 state business associations
Women’s Christian Temperance Union (WCTU)
an active international temperance organization that was among the first organizations of women devoted to social reform with a program that “linked the religious and the secular through concerted and far-reaching reform strategies based on applied Christianity
Annie Wittenmyer was elected as president for the WCTU in 1874
