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Science > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

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Biology 101 flashcards
1
Q

Wave

A

A periodic disturbance in a solid, liquid, or gas as energy is transmitted through a medium.

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2
Q

Medium

A

A physical environment in which phenomena occurs.

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3
Q

Mechanical wave

A

A wave that requires a medium through which to travel.

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4
Q

Electromagnetic wave

A

A wave that consist of oscillating electric and magnetic fields, which radiate outward at the speed of light.

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5
Q

Transverse wave

A

A wave in which the particles of the medium move perpendicular to the direction the wave is traveling.

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6
Q

Longitudinal wave

A

A wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of the wave motion.

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7
Q

Crest

A

The highest point of a wave

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8
Q

Trough

A

The lowest point on a wave

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9
Q

Amplitude

A

The maximum distance that the particles of a wave medium vibrate from their rest position

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10
Q

Wavelength

A

The distance from any point on a wave to an identical point on the next wave.

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11
Q

Period

A

The time that it takes a complete cycle or wave oscillation to occur

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12
Q

Frequency

A

The number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time.

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13
Q

Reflection

A

The bouncing back of a ray of light, sound, or heat when the ray hits a surface that it does not go through.

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14
Q

Diffraction

A

A change in the direction of a wave when the wave finds an obstacle or an edge, such as an opening.

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15
Q

Refraction

A

The bending of a wavefront as the wavefront passes between two substances in which the speed of the wave differs

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16
Q

Interference

A

The combination of two or more waves of the same frequency that results in a single wave

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17
Q

Constructive interference

A

Any interference in which waves combine so that the resulting wave is bigger than the original waves

18
Q

Destructive interference

A

Any interference in which waves combine so that the resulting wave is smaller than the largest of the original waves

19
Q

Standing wave

A

A pattern of vibration that simulates a wave that is standing still

20
Q

What does a Water wave do ?

A

transport energy and water.

21
Q

what does the medium seismic waves travel through?

A

rocks and other materials inside Earth.

22
Q

Sound waves are?

A

longitudinal waves.

23
Q

A wave has a period of 0.25 seconds. The frequency of this wave is?

A

4 hertz.

24
Q

A child is sending pulses down a stretched rope at a rate of 2 pulses per second. The distance between the pulses is 5 meters. What is the speed of the wave?

A

2.5 m/s

25
Q

The frequency of a sound wave determines?

A

the pitch of the sound.

26
Q

What is a wavefront

A

a surface made up of all the points on a wave that have the same
energy.

27
Q

What is the difference between visible light and X rays?

A

the amplitude of visible light is greater.

28
Q

A wave x meters long has a speed of y meters per second. The frequency of the wave is?

A

X/Y

29
Q

The greater the frequency of the wave in a particular medium, the

greater the wavelength of the wave.

True or false

A

True

30
Q

Radio waves are an example of mechanical waves.

True or false

A

False

Electromagnetic waves

31
Q

Light waves are examples of transverse waves.

True or false

A

True

32
Q

The energy of a mechanical wave depends on the frequency of the wave?
True or false

A

False

It requires a medium

33
Q

As the period of the wave increases so does the frequency increases
True or false

A

True

34
Q

When a wave reflects from a fixed boundary, the only change in the wave is the direction of travel
True or false

A

True

35
Q

If two tuning forks of different frequencies are struck at the same
time, you will hear beats as the result of constructive interference
followed by destructive interference.

True or false

A

True

36
Q

The matter through which a wave travels is called ?

A

Medium

37
Q

A wave that causes the particles of the medium to vibrate perpendicularly to the direction the wave travels is called

A

Transverse Waves

38
Q

The lowest point of a wave is called the?

A

Trough

39
Q

The _____is the time required for one complete wave oscillation to occur.

A

Period

40
Q

The change in the direction of a wave when the wave encounters an obstacle or opening is called .____________________.

A

reflection

41
Q

In ____________________, waves combine so that the resulting wave is bigger than the largest of the original waves.

A

constructive interference

42
Q

What causes the colorful swirls in soap bubbles?

A

The refraction of light through the different thickness of the soap bubbles.

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