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BA 101 > Chapter 14 > Flashcards

Chapter 14 Flashcards

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1
Q

Organizational Behavior

A

study of actions of people at work

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2
Q

three major areas of OB

A

Individual, group behavior, organizational aspects

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3
Q

Area which looks at attitudes, personality, perception, learning, motivation (psychologists)

A

individual behavior

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4
Q

Area which includes norms, roles, team building, leadership, and conflict (sociologists)

A

group behavior

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5
Q

Area which includes structure, culture, and HR policies and practices

A

organizational aspects

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6
Q

Goals of organizational behavior

A

explain, predict, influence behavior

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7
Q

Employee productivity

A

performance measure of efficiency and effectiveness

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8
Q

failure to show up for work

A

absenteeism

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9
Q

turnover

A

voluntary and involuntary permanent withdrawal from an organization

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10
Q

Organizational Citizenship Behavior

A

discretionary behavior that’s not an employee’s formal job requirements but promotes effective functioning of an organization

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11
Q

Job Satisfaction

A

general attitude toward a job

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12
Q

Workplace misbehavior

A

intentional behavior that is potentially harmful to the organization (deviance, aggression, antisocial behavior, violence)

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13
Q

Attitudes

A

evaluative statements concerning objects, people or events

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14
Q

components of attitudes

A

cognition, affect, behavior

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15
Q

cognitive component

A

beliefs, opinions, knowledge, or information

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16
Q

affective component

A

emotional or feeling part

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17
Q

behavioral component

A

intention to behave in a certain way toward someone or something

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18
Q

Job Involvement

A

degree to which an employee identifies with his job

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19
Q

Organizational Commitment

A

degree to which an employee identifies with a particular organization

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20
Q

Perceived Organizational Support

A

belief that their organization values their contribution and cares about their well-being

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21
Q

Employee engagement

A

being connected, satisfied with, and enthusiastic about one’s job

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22
Q

Cognitive Dissonance

A

incompatibility or inconsistency between attitudes and behaviors

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23
Q

Attitude surveys

A

surveys that elicit responses from employees through questions about how they feel about their jobs

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24
Q

Personality

A

unique combination of emotional, thought, and behavioral patterns that affect how a person reqcts to situations and interacts with others

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25
Q

MBTI

A

Myers Briggs Type Indicator

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26
Q

Big Five Model

A

personality trait model which includes Extraversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, Emotional staibility, Openness to experience

27
Q

Extraversion

A

degree to which someone is sociable, talkative, comfortable in relationships with others

28
Q

Agreeableness

A

degree to which someone is good-natured, cooperative, and trusting

29
Q

Conscientiousness

A

degree to which someone is reliable, responsible, dependable, persistent, and achievement oriented

30
Q

Emotional staibility

A

degree to which someone is calm, enthusiastic, and secure or tense, nervous, depressed

31
Q

Openness to experience

A

degree to which someone has a wide range of interests and is imaginative

32
Q

Locus of control

A

extent to which people believe they control their own fate
internal - people believe they control their own destiny
external - people believe their lives are controlled by outside forces

33
Q

Machiavellianism

A

degree to which a person is pragmatic, maintains emotional distance, and believe that ends justify the means

34
Q

Self-Esteem

A

degree to which a person likes or dislikes himself

35
Q

Self-Monitoring

A

ability to adjust behavior to external factors

36
Q

Risk-taking

A

willingness to take chances

37
Q

Proactive Personality

A

people who identify opportunities, show initiative, take action, and persevere until change occurs

38
Q

Resilience

A

individual’s ability to overcome challenges and turn them into opportunities

39
Q

Emotions

A

intense feelings that are directed at someone or something

40
Q

Six universal emotions

A

anger, fear, sadness, disgust, surprise, happiness

41
Q

Emotional Intelligence

A

ability to notice and to manage emotional cues and information

42
Q

Five dimensions of EI

A

Self-awareness, self-management, self-motivation, empathy, social skills

43
Q

John Holland

A

an employees satisfaction with his job as well as likelihood of leaving depends on the degree to which his personality matches the job environment

44
Q

Holland’s Personality-Job Fit

A

Realistic - prefers physical activities
Investigative- prefers thinking activities
Social - prefers activities that involve helping others
Conventional - prefers rule-regulated activities
Enterprising- prefers verbal activities that offer opportunities to influence others
Artistic- prefers ambiguous activities

45
Q

Perception

A

process by which we give meaning to our environment by organizing and interpreting sensory impressions

46
Q

Factors that influence perception

A

perceiver, target, situation

47
Q

Attribution theory

A

when we observe an individual’s behavior, we attempt to determine whether it was internally or externally caused

48
Q

3 factors of Attribution theory

A

Distinctiveness, consensus, consistency

49
Q

Fundamental Attribution Error

A

tendency to overestimate internal factors and underestimate external factors

50
Q

Self-serving bias

A

tendency to attribute our successes to internal factors

51
Q

Assumed similarity

A

assumption that others are like oneself

52
Q

stereotyping

A

judging a person on the basis of one’s perception of a group to which he belongs

53
Q

Halo effect

A

general impression on an individual based on a single characteristic

54
Q

Learning

A

relatively permanent change in behavior that occurs as a result of experience

55
Q

Operant conditioning

A

behavior is a function of its consequences

56
Q

Social Learning Theory

A

view that we can learn both through observation and direct experience

57
Q

People learn from a model when they are attractive or seen similar

A

Attentional processes

58
Q

influence depends on how well the individual remembers the model’s action

A

retentional processes

59
Q

individual can actually do the modeled activities

A

Motor reproduction processes

60
Q

individuals will be motivated to exhibit the behavior if positive incentives are provided

A

Reinforcement processes

61
Q

Shaping Behavior

A

process of guiding learning in graduated steps through reinforcement or lack of reinforcement

62
Q

rewarding a response by eliminating something unpleasant

A

negative reinforcement

63
Q

penalizing undesirable behavior

A

punishment

64
Q

eliminating any reinforcement that is maintaining a behavior

A

extinction

BA 101 (2 decks)

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