Chapter 14

Question 1

Endothermic

Answer 1

Solid to liquid, liquid to gas, absorb heat

Question 2

Properties of Gases

Answer 2

Easily compressed, expand to fill container, low density

Question 3

Properties of liquids

Answer 3

Cannot be compressed, do not expand to fill container, relatively high density

Question 4

Properties of solids

Answer 4

Higher density, results in a fixed volume and fixed shape

Question 5

Changes of state that gain energy

Answer 5

Melting, sublimination, vaporization

Question 6

Changes of state that lose energy

Answer 6

Freezing, deposition, condensation

Question 7

Units we use to measure solids

Answer 7

Mass, grams

Question 8

Units we use to measure liquids

Answer 8

Liters, mL

Question 9

Units we use to measure gas

Answer 9

Grams, atm

Question 10

Units we use to measure energy

Answer 10

Joules

Question 11

5 measurable properties of liquids

Answer 11

Vapor pressure, molar heat of evaporation, boiling point, viscosity, and surface tension

Question 12

3 types of intermolecular forces

Answer 12

Ionic, metallic, and covalent

Question 13

Ionic bond

Answer 13

Metal and nonmetal, gain or lose electrons, all solid at room temp

Question 14

Metallic bond

Answer 14

Alloys, hold atoms together, almost all solid at room temp

Question 15

Covalent bond

Answer 15

Nonmetal and nonmetal, sharing electrons, liquids and gases at room temp

Question 16

4 types of crystalline metals

Answer 16

Ionic, molecular, covalent, metallic

Question 17

Difference between polar and nonpolar bonds

Answer 17

Polar- bonds that are partly ionic

Nonpolar- equal sharing of bond electrons

Question 18

Triple point

Answer 18

Lowest possible pressure for a liquid to exist

Question 19

Critical point

Answer 19

Highest possible temp for a liquid to exist

Question 20

Q = m X c X t

Answer 20

Q= heat (J)
M= mass (G)
C= J/g*C
T= change in temp

Question 21

Specific heat

Answer 21

The amount heat energy (J) required to raise the temp of one gram of a substance one Celsius degree

Question 22

Volatile liquid

Answer 22

One that evaporates easily because it’s molecules do not exert strong attractive forces upon one another

Question 23

Vapor pressure

Answer 23

The pressure wot a vapor in contact with its liquid or solid form

Question 24

Condensation

Answer 24

Gas to liquid

Question 25

Evaporation

Answer 25

Process by which molecules of a gas escape from the surface of a liquid and enter the gas phase

Question 26

Vaporization

Answer 26

Amount of hat necessary to vaporize a given amount of a liquid at its boiling point

Question 27

Sublimination

Answer 27

A solid directly into a gas

Question 28

Boiling point

Answer 28

Temp at which the vapor pressure of a liquid is equal to the pressure above surface

Question 29

Freezing point

Answer 29

Ice can be heated to 0 degrees and water can be cooled to 0 degrees

Question 30

Boiling

Answer 30

Liquid changes to gas; if bond strength is high, it takes more motion (higher temp) to separate particles

Question 31

Evaporation

Answer 31

Process by which molecules of a liquid escape from the surface of the liquid and enter the vapor (gas) phase

Question 32

Vaporization

Answer 32

State change from liquid to a gas

Question 33

Pressure

Answer 33

Force exerted by the substance

Question 34

Kinetic energy

Answer 34

Energy of motion

Question 35

Potential energy

Answer 35

Stored energy

Question 36

Exothermic

Answer 36

Gas to liquid, liquid to solid; release heat